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he Montessori approach believes that learning is
- A. Passive
- B. Active
- C. Teacher-driven
- D. Routine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Montessori views learning as an active process driven by the child's engagement.
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After taking the medical history of a patient, which of the following approaches would be most effective in eliciting the need to address personal health issues?
- A. Warn the patient of long-term consequences
- B. Implement a plan of action immediately
- C. Share opinions about the patient's ability to problem solve
- D. Consult family members in the decision-making process
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sharing opinions invites patient reflection and engagement.
The theorist associated with psychosocial development is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. Abraham Maslow
- D. Erik Erikson
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory outlines eight stages of development.
A new patient in an alcoholism rehabilitation program says, 'I’m just a social drinker. I usually have a drink or two at brunch, a few cocktails in the afternoon, wine at dinner, and a few drinks in the evening.' Which response by the nurse will help the patient view the drinking more honestly?
- A. I see,' and use interested silence.
- B. I think you may be drinking more than you report.'
- C. Being a social drinker involves having a drink or two once or twice a week.'
- D. You describe drinking steadily throughout the day and evening. Am I correct?'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: The nurse needs to provide a reflection that highlights the patient's patterns of drinking.
Step 2: Option D reflects the patient's drinking pattern accurately and objectively.
Step 3: By repeating the patient's own words back to them, the nurse helps the patient see the extent of their drinking.
Step 4: This response encourages the patient to reflect on their alcohol consumption more honestly.
Step 5: Option D is correct as it addresses the patient's behavior directly and prompts self-reflection.
Summary:
- Option A is passive and does not challenge the patient's perception.
- Option B is confrontational and may lead to defensiveness.
- Option C provides a generalized definition of social drinking, not addressing the patient's specific behavior.
The Montessori approach believes materials should be
- A. Teacher-provided
- B. Child-selected
- C. Standardized
- D. Simple
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Montessori materials are child-selected to encourage autonomy.
are often a damage for themselves and each other.
- A. Infants
- B. Toddlers
- C. Adolescents
- D. Adults
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Toddlers, due to their exploratory nature and lack of full motor control, often unintentionally harm themselves or others.