Nokea
1. To monitor for complications in a patient with type 2 diabetes, which tests will the nurse in the diabetic clinic schedule at least annually (select one that doesn't apply)?
- A. Blood pressure
- B. Serum creatinine
- C. Chest x-ray
- D. Urine for microalbuminuria
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for correct answer (C):
1. Chest x-ray is not routinely recommended for monitoring complications of type 2 diabetes.
2. Annual blood pressure monitoring is crucial for assessing cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients.
3. Serum creatinine test helps evaluate kidney function, which is often impaired in diabetes.
4. Urine microalbuminuria test detects early signs of kidney damage, common in diabetes.
Summary of incorrect choices:
A: Blood pressure monitoring is essential for assessing cardiovascular risk in diabetes.
B: Serum creatinine test is important for evaluating kidney function in diabetic patients.
D: Urine microalbuminuria test helps detect early kidney damage in diabetes.
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Constant reports of inadequate pain control in clients indicate which of the following?
- A. Improper administration of medications
- B. Potential substance abuse by the healthcare provider
- C. Poorly written prescriptions
- D. Inadequate scheduling by healthcare providers
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Potential substance abuse by the healthcare provider. Constant reports of inadequate pain control could indicate potential substance abuse by the healthcare provider. This is because substance abuse can impair judgment and lead to inappropriate prescribing practices, resulting in inadequate pain management for clients. The other choices are incorrect because improper administration of medications (A), poorly written prescriptions (C), and inadequate scheduling by healthcare providers (D) are more likely to be isolated incidents rather than consistent patterns of inadequate pain control.
Which of the following best describes the purpose of a root cause analysis (RCA)?
- A. Identify the person responsible for an error
- B. Determine who should be disciplined
- C. Discover the underlying causes of an error
- D. Evaluate the effectiveness of a new policy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Discover the underlying causes of an error. Root cause analysis aims to identify the fundamental reason(s) contributing to an issue, allowing for effective solutions. It focuses on understanding the core factors leading to an error rather than blaming individuals (A, B) or assessing policy effectiveness (D). By conducting RCA, organizations can prevent recurrence and improve processes.
A middle adult client tells the nurse, 'I feel so useless now that my children do not need me anymore.' Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. Validate the client's feelings by saying, 'People in middle adulthood often find satisfaction in nurturing and guiding young people.'
- B. Encourage the client to explore the reasons behind feeling useless.
- C. Reassure the client by saying, 'You should be proud that your children are becoming independent.'
- D. Provide information by saying, 'Most people are happy when their children grow up and leave home.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it validates the client's feelings by acknowledging the common experience of middle adults feeling a sense of purpose through nurturing others. This response shows empathy and understanding, which can help the client feel heard and supported.
Choice B is incorrect because it immediately delves into exploring the reasons behind the feelings without first acknowledging or validating them. This approach may come off as dismissive or insensitive.
Choice C is incorrect because it brushes off the client's feelings by emphasizing the positive aspect of children becoming independent, without addressing the client's emotional distress.
Choice D is incorrect because it makes a generalization about happiness related to children leaving home without directly addressing the client's specific feelings of uselessness. It does not acknowledge or validate the client's emotions.
Which of the following behaviors would be an early warning sign that you are not handling job stress in a healthy way?
- A. Focusing excessively on patient outcomes
- B. Needing to spend more time alone
- C. Juggling work, studies, and family responsibilities
- D. Awakening in the morning feeling unrested
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Awakening in the morning feeling unrested. This behavior indicates potential poor sleep quality due to stress, impacting physical and mental well-being. Restful sleep is crucial for managing stress. A: Focusing excessively on patient outcomes may indicate dedication but not necessarily unhealthy stress management. B: Needing to spend more time alone could be a coping mechanism and not inherently unhealthy. C: Juggling work, studies, and family responsibilities may show a busy lifestyle but doesn't directly correlate with unhealthy stress management.
Which of the following factors contributes to conflicts in professional nursing today?
- A. Some nurses who had planned to retire but find themselves forced to continue working because of the current economic situation
- B. Balancing state practice acts, codes of ethics, and standards of practice
- C. Advances in technology
- D. Multiple generations in the workforce
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Multiple generations in the workforce. This factor contributes to conflicts in professional nursing today because different generations may have different communication styles, work preferences, and values, leading to misunderstandings and tension in the workplace. For example, older nurses may prefer traditional methods of communication, while younger nurses may be more tech-savvy and prefer digital communication. This generation gap can result in conflicts and challenges in collaboration and teamwork.
A: Some nurses who had planned to retire but find themselves forced to continue working because of the current economic situation - While this may contribute to workforce dynamics, it is not a primary factor in conflicts among nurses.
B: Balancing state practice acts, codes of ethics, and standards of practice - This is important for maintaining professionalism but does not directly contribute to conflicts among nurses.
C: Advances in technology - While technology can impact nursing practice, it is not a primary factor in conflicts among nurses compared to the generational differences.