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14. A patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes has been given a prescription to start on an oral hypoglycemic. The patient tells the nurse she would rather control her blood sugar with herbal therapy. Which action should the nurse take?
- A. Advise the patient to discuss using herbal therapy with her physician.
- B. Advise the patient that herbal therapy is not safe and should not be used.
- C. Advise the patient to give the prescriptive medication time to work before using herbal therapy.
- D. Advise the patient that if she takes herbal therapy, she will have to monitor her blood sugar more often.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Referring the patient to her physician (option A) ensures that any decision regarding herbal therapy is made collaboratively and safely.
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How would the nurse describe the techniques used in energy medicine?
- A. Energy medicine involves manipulating energy fields through touch or intention.
- B. Energy medicine focuses on herbal supplements and probiotics.
- C. Energy medicine relies on mechanical devices for healing.
- D. Energy medicine is synonymous with allopathic medicine.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Energy medicine encompasses techniques like Reiki and acupuncture, targeting energy fields for healing purposes.
What prevents disorientation in older clients with hearing impairments?
- A. Use of written notes and a walking cane for proper balance
- B. Refer to a local support or self-help group
- C. Frequent contact and reorientation
- D. Avoid frequent outdoor activities
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Regular reorientation and interaction help maintain cognitive and spatial awareness.
A client has burns to his face, ears, and eyelids. What is the priority finding for the nurse to report to the provider?
- A. Urinary output of 25 mL/hr
- B. Difficulty swallowing
- C. Heart rate of 122/min
- D. Pain level of 6 on a scale of 0 to 10
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Difficulty swallowing. This is the priority finding to report because burns to the face, ears, and eyelids can lead to swelling, which can compromise the airway and cause difficulty swallowing or breathing. This finding indicates a potential airway obstruction, which requires immediate intervention to ensure the client's airway remains patent.
Incorrect choices:
A: Urinary output of 25 mL/hr - While monitoring urinary output is important, it is not the priority in this situation.
C: Heart rate of 122/min - An elevated heart rate can be a response to pain and stress, but it is not the priority over airway concerns.
D: Pain level of 6 on a scale of 0 to 10 - Pain management is important but not as critical as ensuring airway patency in this scenario.
In which direction does the nurse hold the syringe when irrigating the ear to remove wax?
- A. Toward the roof of the canal
- B. Toward the eardrum
- C. Toward the nasal cavity
- D. Toward the helix
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Directing the stream toward the roof of the canal helps dislodge wax without damaging the eardrum.
A healthcare professional is auscultating the lungs of a client who has pleurisy. Which of the following adventitious breath sounds should the professional expect to hear?
- A. Loud, scratchy sounds
- B. Squeaky, musical sounds
- C. Popping sounds
- D. Snoring sounds
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Loud, scratchy sounds. Pleurisy is inflammation of the pleura, causing friction between layers of the lung lining, resulting in loud, scratchy sounds known as pleural friction rubs. Squeaky, musical sounds (B) are indicative of wheezing in conditions like asthma. Popping sounds (C) can be heard in conditions like atelectasis or pneumonia. Snoring sounds (D) are typically associated with upper airway obstruction, not pleurisy. Therefore, in the context of pleurisy, the healthcare professional should expect to hear loud, scratchy sounds during auscultation.