Nokea
Match the following types of pain in the left column with a category of pain from the upper right column and an example of the source of the pain from the lower right column.
- A. Pain from loss of afferent input
- B. Pain persisting from sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity
- C. Pain caused by dysfunction in the central nervous system (CNS)
- D. Pain arising from muscles and bones; localized or diffuse and radiating
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pain felt along the distribution of peripheral nerve(s) from nerve damage
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Identify the areas of symptom investigation using PQRST that still need to be addressed to provide additional important information (select all that apply).
- A. Timing
- B. Quality
- C. Severity
- D. Palliative
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answers are 'Timing,' 'Quality,' 'Severity,' and 'Precipitating.' Using the PQRST framework ensures comprehensive evaluation of symptoms. Timing refers to onset and duration; Quality describes the nature of the symptom; Severity quantifies intensity; and Precipitating factors explore triggers.
A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. The nurse should expect the client's chest to be which of the following shapes?
- A. Pigeon
- B. Funnel
- C. Kyphotic
- D. Barrel
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Barrel. In COPD, the chest becomes barrel-shaped due to hyperinflation of the lungs. This results in an increased anterior-posterior chest diameter, giving it a rounded appearance. This shape is characteristic of COPD as the hyperinflation causes the rib cage to remain partially expanded at all times.
A: Pigeon – This shape is not associated with COPD and is not a typical finding in respiratory conditions.
B: Funnel – This shape is not associated with COPD and is more commonly seen in conditions like pectus excavatum.
C: Kyphotic – This shape refers to an exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic spine, not the chest shape itself.
The nurse has been assigned to these clients in the emergency room. Which client would the nurse go check first?
- A. Viral pneumonia with atelectasis.
- B. Spontaneous pneumothorax with a respiratory rate of 38.
- C. Tension pneumothorax with slight tracheal deviation to the right.
- D. Acute asthma with episodes of bronchospasm.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening condition requiring immediate attention.
8. What is acupuncture used for (select all that apply)?
- A. Relieve pain by causing counterirritation in another area of the body.
- B. Reestablish the flow of Qi through meridians to simulate the body’s self-healing mechanism.
- C. Create an inflammatory response at an acupoint, increasing blood circulation and healing energy.
- D. Relieve nausea and vomiting postoperatively, with pregnancy, or related to chemotherapy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acupuncture is commonly used to reestablish the flow of Qi (option B) and relieve nausea and vomiting (option D), among other therapeutic uses.
Which drug fits within the category of anxiolytic drugs for obsessive-compulsive disorder?
- A. Lopressor
- B. Tenormin
- C. Inderal
- D. Xanax
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Xanax (alprazolam) is a benzodiazepine commonly prescribed for anxiety and panic disorders.