Nokea
With what are the postoperative respiratory complications of atelectasis and aspiration of gastric contents associated?
- A. Hypoxemia
- B. Hypercapnia
- C. Hypoventilation
- D. Airway obstruction
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypoxemia results from impaired gas exchange due to atelectasis or aspiration.
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Many herbal products that are commonly taken cause surgical problems. Which herbs listed below should the nurse teach the patient to avoid before surgery to prevent an increase in bleeding for the surgical patient (select all that apply)?
- A. Garlic
- B. Fish oil
- C. Valerian
- D. Vitamin E, Astragalus, Ginkgo biloba
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Herbs like garlic, fish oil, vitamin E, astragalus, and ginkgo biloba can increase bleeding risks and should be avoided before surgery.
While dining at a restaurant, a person begins to choke. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Instruct the person to call 911.
- B. Ask the person if he/she can speak.
- C. Use the jaw-thrust maneuver.
- D. Perform abdominal thrusts.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because asking the person if he/she can speak helps to determine if the airway is partially or completely obstructed. If the person can speak, it indicates that the airway is not completely blocked, and coughing may help dislodge the object. If the person cannot speak, it suggests a complete blockage, and immediate intervention is needed. In contrast, A is incorrect as the nurse should take action rather than instructing the person to call 911. C is incorrect because the jaw-thrust maneuver is used for assisting with breathing, not for choking. D is incorrect because abdominal thrusts are only performed when the person is unable to speak, indicating a complete airway obstruction.
Complications of self-induced vomiting in binge eating disorder include which of the following?
- A. Fluid and electrolyte disorders
- B. Damage to teeth
- C. Constipation
- D. Cardiac problems
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Frequent vomiting exposes teeth to stomach acid, causing enamel erosion and dental damage.
A college health nurse interprets the peak expiratory flow rate for a student who has asthma and finds that the student is in the yellow zone of his asthma action plan. The nurse should not base her actions on which of the following information?
- A. The student should use his quick-relief inhaler.
- B. The student's asthma is not well controlled.
- C. The student's peak flow is 50% to 80% of his best peak flow.
- D. The student needs to go to the hospital
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the student being in the yellow zone indicates moderate symptoms, not severe enough to necessitate hospitalization. A: Using a quick-relief inhaler is appropriate for yellow zone symptoms. B: Yellow zone indicates asthma is not well controlled, supporting the need for action. C: Peak flow of 50% to 80% signals a reduction in lung function, requiring intervention but not immediate hospitalization. Thus, D is the incorrect choice because hospitalization is not warranted for yellow zone symptoms.
A client with COPD is developing a plan of care. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
- A. Restrict the client's fluid intake to less than 2 L/day
- B. Provide the client with a low-protein diet
- C. Have the client use the early-morning hours for exercise and activity
- D. Instruct the client to use pursed-lip breathing
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Instruct the client to use pursed-lip breathing. Pursed-lip breathing helps improve ventilation and decrease air trapping in clients with COPD, enhancing oxygenation and reducing shortness of breath. It also facilitates better gas exchange and can help the client manage their symptoms effectively.
A: Restricting fluid intake is not typically indicated for clients with COPD unless they have comorbid conditions that require fluid restriction.
B: Providing a low-protein diet is not a standard intervention for COPD management. Protein is important for muscle strength and repair in these clients.
C: While exercise and activity are beneficial for clients with COPD, instructing them to do so specifically in the early-morning hours is not a priority intervention compared to pursed-lip breathing.