Nokea
A 12-month-old child just received the first measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. For which of the following possible reactions to this vaccine should the nurse teach the parents to monitor? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Bleeding
- B. Swollen glands
- C. Bruising
- D. Headache
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rash and swollen glands are common MMR reactions; bruising and headache are less typical.
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Which of the following drug can cause hypoglycemia:
- A. Acarbose
- B. Glipizide
- C. Metformin
- D. Pramlintide
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glipizide, a sulfonylurea, can cause hypoglycemia by excessively stimulating insulin release from pancreatic beta cells.
Sadie is a 72-year-old patient who takes omeprazole for her chronic GERD. Chronic long-term omeprazole use places her at increased risk for:
- A. Megaloblastic anemia
- B. Osteoporosis
- C. Hypertension
- D. Strokes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic PPI use like omeprazole reduces calcium absorption, increasing osteoporosis risk; anemia is less direct.
Patients with allergic rhinitis may benefit from a prescription of:
- A. Fluticasone (Flonase)
- B. Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
- C. OTC cromolyn nasal spray (Nasalcrom)
- D. Any of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All options "fluticasone (steroid), cetirizine (antihistamine), and cromolyn (mast cell stabilizer)"effectively treat allergic rhinitis symptoms.
A 7-year-old male fell off a wood pile while playing. He has been admitted to the ICU with multiple broken bones and internal bleeding. What should the nurse know about drug therapy in this type of patient?
- A. Adverse effects may be decreased
- B. Therapeutic effects may be increased
- C. Pharmacodynamics may be altered
- D. Pharmacokinetics remain the same
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Trauma alters pharmacodynamics (drug effects) due to physiological stress and injury responses.
A nurse is assessing a male client who recently began taking Haloperidol. Which of the following findings is the highest priority to report to the provider?
- A. Shuffling gait
- B. Neck spasms
- C. Drowsiness
- D. Impotence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neck spasms indicate dystonia, an acute extrapyramidal symptom requiring immediate attention.