Nokea
A 12-year-old with leukemia will be taking vincristine. The nurse should encourage the child to eat what kind of diet?
- A. High-residue.
- B. Low-residue.
- C. Low-fat.
- D. High-calorie.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A high-calorie diet supports energy needs during leukemia treatment, especially with vincristine, which doesn't require dietary restrictions.
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A 13-month-old has a febrile seizure one month after the administration of the chickenpox vaccine. The nurse should:
- A. Recognize that the events are unrelated.
- B. Report the event through the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System.
- C. Explain to the parents that this is a rare but acceptable risk.
- D. Report the incident through the vaccine manufacturer's hotline.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Febrile seizures post-vaccination should be reported to VAERS for monitoring vaccine safety.
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child newly diagnosed with celiac disease. Which food should the nurse instruct them to avoid?
- A. Rice.
- B. Wheat.
- C. Corn.
- D. Potatoes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Celiac disease requires a gluten-free diet, avoiding wheat, barley, and rye. Rice, corn, and potatoes are gluten-free and safe.
Which action should the nurse do first when noting clear drainage on the child's dressing and bed linen after a craniotomy for a brain tumor?
- A. Change the dressing.
- B. Elevate the head of the bed.
- C. Test the fluid for glucose.
- D. Notify the physician.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clear drainage may indicate cerebrospinal fluid leak, which testing for glucose can confirm, guiding further action.
The parents of an infant with myelomeningocele ask the nurse about their child's future mental ability. What is the nurse's best response?
- A. About one-third are mentally retarded, but it's too early to tell about your child.'
- B. About two-thirds are significantly retarded, and you'll know soon if this will occur.'
- C. Your child will probably be of normal intelligence since he demonstrates signs of it now.'
- D. You'll need to talk with the doctor about that, but you can ask later.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Referring parents to the physician for detailed prognostic discussions ensures accurate information and avoids premature or speculative statements about mental ability.
While caring for a neonate with an imperforate anus, the nurse assesses the neonate's urine output for which of the following?
- A. Meconium.
- B. Blood.
- C. Bile.
- D. Acetone.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Meconium in the urine may indicate a rectourinary fistula, a common complication of imperforate anus.