Nokea
A diagnosis of hemophilia A is confirmed in an infant. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide the parents as the infant becomes more mobile and starts to crawl?
- A. Administer one-half of a children's aspirin for a temperature higher than 101°F (38.3°C).
- B. Sew thick padding into the elbows and knees of the child's clothing.
- C. Check the color of the child's urine every day.
- D. Expect the eruption of the primary teeth to produce moderate to severe bleeding.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Padding protects joints from trauma, reducing bleeding risk in hemophilia. Aspirin increases bleeding, urine checks are unnecessary, and teething bleeding is minimal.
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The parents of a child who requires skeletal traction are unable to visit their child for more than one hour a day because of their jobs. The nurse should:
- A. Encourage the parents to spend more time with the child.
- B. Arrange for volunteers or staff to provide companionship.
- C. Suggest the parents adjust their work schedules.
- D. Provide the child with a phone to contact the parents.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Arranging companionship helps meet the child's emotional needs when parents are unavailable due to work constraints.
A school-age boy with a spinal cord injury is moved to the rehabilitation unit. The nurse notes that the child tends to refuse to cooperate in care and is quiet. The nurse interprets this behavior as indicative of which of the following?
- A. A stage of grief reaction.
- B. A phase of rebellion.
- C. A reaction to sensory overload.
- D. A response to too much attention.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Refusal and withdrawal are consistent with grief, reflecting the child's adjustment to significant loss of function.
An infant diagnosed with Hirschsprung's disease is scheduled to receive a temporary colostomy. When initially discussing the diagnosis and treatment with the parents, which of the following would be most appropriate?
- A. Assessing the adequacy of their coping skills.
- B. Reassuring them that their child will be fine.
- C. Encouraging them to ask questions.
- D. Giving them printed material on the procedure.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Encouraging questions promotes understanding and engagement with the treatment plan.
When interviewing the parents of a 2-year-old child, a history of which of the following illnesses should lead the nurse to suspect pneumococcal meningitis?
- A. Bladder infection.
- B. Middle ear infection.
- C. Fractured clavicle.
- D. Septic arthritis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Middle ear infections are a common precursor to pneumococcal meningitis due to the spread of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
After teaching the parents about the urethral catheter placed after surgical repair of their son's hypospadias, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the mother states that the catheter in her child's penis accomplishes which of the following?
- A. Decreases pain at the surgical site.
- B. Keeps the new urethra from closing.
- C. Measures his urine correctly.
- D. Prevents bladder spasms.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The catheter keeps the urethra open.