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A 19-year-old college student seeks information from the school's nurse about how to avoid sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) without abstinence as a choice. Which statement by the nurse is best?
- A. Urinating after intercourse will eliminate the risk of infection.
- B. A vaccine can prevent the sexually transmitted by some amount of the human papilloma virus (HPV).
- C. Oral contraception can prevent pregnancy and STDs.
- D. Good handwashing helps prevent infection associated with STDs.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The HPV vaccine (Gardasil) protects against high-risk HPV strains, reducing the risk of cervical cancer and genital warts. Urination after intercourse may reduce but does not eliminate infection risk. Oral contraceptives do not prevent STDs, and handwashing, while hygienic, is not a primary STD prevention method.
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A 26-year-old client with multiple sexual partners is being assessed for symptoms of dysuria and vaginal discharge. Because the results from the culture of the cervical cells are not available, the client will be treated for both Chlamydia and gonorrhea. Which explanation by the nurse is best?
- A. Treating for both infections is standard due to frequent co-infection.
- B. Antibiotics will cure both infections permanently.
- C. Treatment is only needed if symptoms persist after 72 hours.
- D. Condoms are not effective in preventing these infections.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chlamydia and gonorrhea often co-occur, so empirical treatment for both is standard when culture results are pending to prevent complications. Antibiotics treat but do not guarantee a permanent cure, especially if re-infection occurs. Waiting for symptom persistence delays care, and condoms, while not foolproof, reduce transmission risk.
A woman is admitted to the hospital for antibiotic therapy for pelvic inflammatory disease. She is in pain, with a rating of 7 on a scale of 0 to 10. What comfort measure can the nurse delegate to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?
- A. Administer Tylenol immediately
- B. Apply a heating pad to the lower abdomen.
- C. Position the client in a semi-Fowler's position.
- D. Teach the client to increase intake of fluids.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Positioning the client in a semi-Fowler's position can be delegated to a UAP to help alleviate discomfort. Administering medication, applying a heating pad, and teaching are tasks reserved for the nurse, as they require clinical judgment or specialized training.
The nurse teaches a client with genital herpes about effective comfort measures. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching by the nurse?
- A. Sitz baths three times a day may help ease the pain.
- B. I can use anesthetic sprays or ointments for relief.
- C. Wearing loose clothing can reduce irritation.
- D. I really should try to limit irritation due to the pain.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The statement about limiting irritation due to pain is vague and suggests a misunderstanding of specific comfort measures. Sitz baths, anesthetic sprays, and loose clothing are appropriate measures to reduce discomfort and irritation from genital herpes lesions.
A 19-year-old female is asking the nurse about the vaccine for human papilloma virus (HPV). Which is a support group.
- A. Gardial protects against all HPV strains.
- B. You are too young to receive the vaccine.
- C. The vaccine is only effective after exposure to HPV.
- D. Condoms provide complete protection against HPV.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gardasil protects against HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18, which are high-risk for cervical cancer and genital warts, but not all strains. The vaccine is recommended for ages 9 to 45, so the client is not too young. It is most effective before exposure, and condoms reduce but do not eliminate HPV transmission risk.
An African-American female with blisters on the vagina is being treated with acyclovir (Zovira) for genital herpes. She is angry at her partner for transmitting the infection. Which action by the nurse is best?
- A. Encourage the client to engage in sexual activity since she is an medication.
- B. Be sensitive to the clients feelings and refer her to a support group.
- C. Reinforce that the disease can no longer be spread to other partners.
- D. Measure the client that sexual activity will not be painful while on acyclovir.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should be sensitive to the client's emotional distress, as genital herpes can cause feelings of anger and isolation. Referring her to a support group, like the National Herpes Resource Center, helps address these feelings. Encouraging sexual activity or claiming the disease is non-transmissible is incorrect, as herpes remains contagious during outbreaks, and acyclovir does not eliminate pain or transmission risk.