Nokea
A 2-year-old boy presents with fever and a vesicular rash in the mouth. Most likely diagnosis is:
- A. Measles
- B. Herpangina
- C. Hand-foot-mouth disease
- D. Chickenpox
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: HFMD features fever and oral vesicles, per CDC. A, B, D, E differ in distribution.
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When a parent asks the nurse to describe what is meant by a 'learning disability,' the nurse's most helpful response would be:
- A. It is characterized by inattention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity'
- B. A child may have difficulty with perception, language, comprehension, or memory'
- C. The child's intellectual ability limits his learning'
- D. The child has difficulty learning because of brain damage'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A learning disability (B) involves challenges in perception, language, or comprehension despite normal intelligence. A describes ADHD, C implies low IQ, and D suggests injury, not typical. Document: 'Children with learning disabilities may have… difficulties in perception, language, comprehension.'
Most common endocrine abnormality in patients with cystic fibrosis is:
- A. Hypothyroidism
- B. Diabetes mellitus
- C. Adrenal insufficiency
- D. Hyperthyroidism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes is the most common endocrine issue, from pancreatic damage, per CFF. A, C-E are less frequent.
A child with diabetes should be taught to recognize
- A. Shakiness
- B. Sweating
- C. Weakness
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All D are hypoglycemia signs, per document p60, 9.
A nurse is providing parental instruction for a 24-hour urine collection for a hospitalized child. Which of the following statements by the child's parent needs further instruction?
- A. This test is to evaluate kidney function.'
- B. This test is timed with the first urine collection.'
- C. This container can be kept in the unit refrigerator.'
- D. The container comes from the laboratory.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Urine collection containers should be kept cool but not in a shared refrigerator due to contamination risks; a specific cooler is used, indicating a need for clarification.
A one-year-old girl with dysentery is discharged. The most important information for the mother is
- A. Place child on NPO for 8 hours if diarrhea occurs
- B. Don’t wait long before bringing child to hospital
- C. Observe good hygiene to reduce faeco-oral spread
- D. Start anti-diarrhea meds before hospital
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hygiene C prevents reinfection, critical in dysentery, per document 0.