NCLEX Questions on Neurological System

NCLEX Questions on Neurological System Related

Review NCLEX Questions on Neurological System related questions and content

A 25 year-old housewife presents to the urgent care clinic for evaluation of paralysis in her face on the right side. She has a history of an upper respiratory infection 2 weeks before the onset of symptoms. She states that her face on the right is drooping and she is not able to close the right eye. On physical examination, you note that her forehead is smooth on the right, the left palpebral fissure appears wider than the right, and her nasolabial fold on the right is flattened and she is drooling. Based on this information, what is the most likely diagnosis?

  • A. Cortical stroke
  • B. Bell's palsy
  • C. Horner's syndrome
  • D. Stress reaction
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Bell's palsy is a condition characterized by sudden, unilateral facial paralysis due to inflammation or compression of the facial nerve (CN VII). It often follows a viral infection and presents with drooping of the face, inability to close the eye, and flattening of the nasolabial fold. A cortical stroke typically spares the forehead, and Horner's syndrome involves ptosis and miosis.

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Which kind of hip fracture is usually repaired with a hip prosthesis?

  • A. Intracapsular
  • B. Extracapsular
  • C. Subtrochanteric
  • D. Intertrochanteric
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Intracapsular fractures often require prosthetic repair.

A drug is called an agonist if it ________.

  • A. blocks a receptor
  • B. interferes with neurotransmitter reuptake
  • C. acts like the endogenous neurotransmitter by binding to its receptor
  • D. blocks the voltage-gated calcium ion channel
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because an agonist mimics the action of the endogenous neurotransmitter by binding to its receptor. This leads to activation of the receptor and physiological response. Choice A is incorrect as an agonist does not block a receptor. Choice B is incorrect as it describes a reuptake inhibitor, not an agonist. Choice D is incorrect as it refers to a calcium channel blocker, not an agonist. In conclusion, an agonist activates a receptor by binding to it, unlike the other choices which describe different mechanisms of action.

In the development of the nervous system, which is the correct order of events?

  • A. First, cells must be specified to be neurons, second, these neurons must make connections with their targets, third, the neurons must migrate to their final position, and fourth, the neurons refine their synaptic connections.
  • B. First, cells must be specified to be neurons, second, the neurons must migrate to their final position, third, these neurons must make connections with their targets, and fourth, the neurons refine their synaptic connections.
  • C. First, cells must migrate to their final position, second, these cells must be specified to be neurons, third, the neurons must make connections with their targets, and fourth, the neurons refine their synaptic connections.
  • D. First, the prospective neurons must make connections with their targets, second, the neurons refine their synaptic connections, third, the neurons must migrate to their final position, and fourth, the cells are specified to become neurons.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct sequence of nervous system development involves: (1) specification of cells as neurons, (2) migration of neurons to their final positions, (3) formation of connections with targets, and (4) refinement of synaptic connections. This order ensures proper neural circuit formation and function. Specification occurs first, followed by migration, which positions neurons correctly. Axon outgrowth and target connection occur next, and finally, synaptic pruning and refinement optimize neural communication.

The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with a cerebral tumor. For which function should the nurse expect to assess an abnormality?

  • A. Reflex movement
  • B. Movement and speech
  • C. Coordination and posture
  • D. Heart rate and respiratory rate
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A cerebral tumor in the frontal lobe may affect movement and speech, as this area contains the motor cortex and Broca's area. Reflex movements are controlled by the spinal cord, coordination by the cerebellum, and heart rate by the medulla. Assessing movement and speech is critical for localizing the tumor's effects.

When positioning the patient after a total hip arthroplasty with a posterior approach, it is important that the nurse maintain the affected extremity in what position?

  • A. Adduction and flexion
  • B. Abduction and extension
  • C. Abduction and internal rotation
  • D. Adduction and external rotation
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Abduction and extension prevent dislocation.

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