Nokea
Meningitis refers to that class of infections that cause inflammation of the meninges. Which Part of the brain does this refer to?
- A. Spinal fluid.
- B. Membranous covering of the brain and spinal cord.
- C. Main part of a neurone.
- D. Axon terminal.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Meningitis is an infection that causes inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. Symptoms include fever, headache, neck stiffness, and cognitive impairments. The inflammation can lead to serious complications, such as brain damage or sepsis, if not treated promptly. Meningitis can be caused by bacterial, viral, or fungal infections, with bacterial meningitis being the most severe form.
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The cerebellum, ________ portion of the brain, is located below the occipital lobes of the cerebrum.
- A. the largest
- B. the second largest
- C. the third largest
- D. the smallest
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cerebellum is the second largest portion of the brain, located below the occipital lobes of the cerebrum. It plays a crucial role in coordinating voluntary movements, balance, and posture. While the cerebrum is the largest part of the brain, the cerebellum is smaller but still significant in size and function. Therefore, the second largest is the correct answer.
A client who has a musculoskeletal problem is being discharged after a few days of hospital care. Why should the nurse consider factors related to the home environment while determining a plan for the continued rehabilitation of the client?
- A. To include additional care for clients who lack the basic amenities at home.
- B. To determine the client's access to the nearest drugstore.
- C. To modify the client's living arrangements or other accommodation changes.
- D. To determine if the client would continue with the self-care.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Understanding the home environment ensures the client can continue their rehabilitation effectively.
Which part of the neuron has the highest concentration of Na.
- A. dendrites
- B. cell body
- C. synaptic knobs
- D. none of them
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The intracellular concentration of Na+ is generally low in all parts of the neuron due to the action of the Na+, K+ ATPase pump, which actively transports Na+ out of the cell. Therefore, none of the listed parts have a high concentration of Na+.
The action potential is measured in millivolts (mV) and is ranged from:
- A. -90mV to +20mV
- B. -70mV to +30mV
- C. -65mV to +40mV
- D. -30mV to +60mV
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The action potential involves a rapid change in membrane potential, typically ranging from -65mV (resting potential) to +40mV (peak depolarization). This change is driven by the influx of sodium ions and the subsequent efflux of potassium ions. The action potential is a key mechanism for transmitting information within the nervous system, enabling neurons to communicate over long distances.
A 49-year-old patient is diagnosed with Huntington's disease. He thought he saw symptoms of the disease in his 15-year-old son. What is the best response?
- A. Your son probably has the early symptoms of the disease.
- B. Huntington's disease is genetically transmitted.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Huntington's disease is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, meaning there is a 50% chance the child will inherit it if one parent has the condition.