Nokea
What should be included in the management of a patient with delirium?
- A. The use of restraints to protect the patient from injury
- B. The use of short-acting benzodiazepines to sedate the patient
- C. Identification and treatment of underlying causes when possible
- D. Administration of high doses of an antipsychotic drug such as haloperidol (Haldol)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Identifying and treating underlying causes is key in managing delirium.
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In obtaining the history for the patient with carpal tunnel syndrome, you would expect to note a history of
- A. Pain and numbness or tingling sensation in the hand (over the palmar surface of the thumb, index finger, middle finger, and lateral aspect of the ring finger) that is worse at night.
- B. Crepitus (grating feeling on palpation over joint during range of motion) due to loss of articular cartilage and bony overgrowth in joint.
- C. Excessive forward curvature of the thoracic spine (kyphosis) owing to pathologic vertebral fractures, and collapsing of the anterior portion of the vertebral bodies in the thoracic area.
- D. Acute onset of excruciating pain in joint because of accumulation of uric acid within the joint.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms include nocturnal pain and paresthesia in the median nerve distribution.
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with a cerebral tumor. For which function should the nurse expect to assess an abnormality?
- A. Reflex movement
- B. Movement and speech
- C. Coordination and posture
- D. Heart rate and respiratory rate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A cerebral tumor in the frontal lobe may affect movement and speech, as this area contains the motor cortex and Broca's area. Reflex movements are controlled by the spinal cord, coordination by the cerebellum, and heart rate by the medulla. Assessing movement and speech is critical for localizing the tumor's effects.
A client is admitted to the floor with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following teaching points does the nurse stress to the client with SLE?
- A. Apply ice as instructed
- B. Avoid sunlight and ultraviolet radiation
- C. Use assistive devices appropriately
- D. Change dressing as prescribed
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sunlight can exacerbate lupus symptoms.
Cell bodies for the motor supply of the trigeminal nerve lie
- A. Hypothalamus
- B. Midbrain
- C. Posterior to cerebral aqueduct
- D. Cerebral cortex
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve is located in the midbrain. It supplies muscles of mastication, such as the masseter and temporalis.
Hyperventilation causes:
- A. an alkaline urine
- B. a fall in the plasma bicarbonate concentration
- C. increased cardiac output
- D. all above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hyperventilation causes respiratory alkalosis, leading to alkaline urine, reduced plasma bicarbonate, and increased cardiac output due to decreased CO2 levels.