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A 3-year-old girl presents with recurrent ear infections and hearing loss. Tympanometry shows flat curves. Most likely diagnosis is:
- A. Acute otitis media
- B. Otitis media with effusion
- C. Cholesteatoma
- D. Mastoiditis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: OME causes flat tympanometry, per AAP. A, C-E differ.
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The nurse is caring for a child with suspected diabetes insipidus. Which clinical manifestations would she expect to observe?
- A. Nausea and vomiting
- B. Polyuria and polydipsia
- C. Oliguria and uremia
- D. Glycosuria and hematuria
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus causes polyuria and polydipsia (B) due to lack of antidiuretic hormone. Nausea (A), oliguria (C), and glycosuria (D) are unrelated. Document: 'Excessive urination accompanied by insatiable thirst is the primary clinical manifestation.'
A 5-year-old girl presents with abdominal pain and vomiting. CT shows a twisted mesentery. Most likely diagnosis is:
- A. Appendicitis
- B. Intussusception
- C. Malrotation with volvulus
- D. Meckel diverticulum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Malrotation with volvulus features pain, vomiting, and twisted mesentery, per AAP. A, B, D, E differ in CT.
A 14-year-old boy appears with tall stature, long limbs, and a heart murmur. Echocardiogram reveals aortic root dilation. Most likely diagnosis is:
- A. Klinefelter syndrome
- B. Marfan syndrome
- C. Growth hormone excess
- D. Hyperthyroidism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Marfan syndrome fits tall stature, long limbs, and aortic dilation, per AAP (doc p151, Q606).
A 2-year-old with croup requires
- A. Antibiotics
- B. Cool mist
- C. Hot steam
- D. Oxygen therapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cool mist B relieves croup symptoms, per document p22, 4.
A child with sickle cell disease should avoid
- A. Cold environments
- B. Dehydration
- C. Stress
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All D trigger crises, per document p53, .