Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy Quizlet

Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy Quizlet Related

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A 31-year-old woman believes that she may be pregnant. She took an OTC pregnancy test 1 week ago after missing her period; the test was positive. During her assessment interview, the nurse enquires about the woman's last menstrual period and asks whether she is taking any medications. The woman states that she takes medicine for epilepsy. She has been under considerable stress lately at work and has not been sleeping well. She also has a history of irregular periods. Her physical examination does not indicate that she is pregnant. She has an ultrasound scan that reveals she is not pregnant. What is the most likely cause of the false-positive pregnancy test result?

  • A. She took the pregnancy test too early.
  • B. She takes anticonvulsants.
  • C. She has a fibroid tumor.
  • D. She has been under considerable stress and has a hormone imbalance.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Anticonvulsants may cause false-positive pregnancy test results.

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Which is a diagnosis that the nurse is legally responsible to report?

  • A. Bronchiolitis
  • B. Sexually transmitted infections
  • C. Acute otitis media
  • D. Strep throat
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nurses are legally obligated to report certain communicable diseases, including sexually transmitted infections, to public health authorities to prevent further spread.

The vagina is:

  • A. Used to fertilise an ovum before moving onto the fallopian tubes
  • B. A mass of glandular tissue situated over the pectoral muscles
  • C. An elastic muscular tube, connecting the cervix to the uterus
  • D. Used to stop the menstrual flow from leaving the body
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The vagina is a muscular tube that connects the cervix to the external genitalia, serving as a passage for menstrual flow and childbirth.

A patient in her first trimester complains of nausea and vomiting. She asks, 'Why does this happen?' The nurse's best response is:

  • A. It is due to an increase in gastric motility
  • B. It may be due to changes in hormones
  • C. It is related to an increase in glucose levels
  • D. It is caused by a decrease in gastric secretions
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nausea and vomiting are primarily caused by hormonal changes, particularly elevated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and progesterone levels.

The maternity nurse understands that vascular volume increases 40% to 45% during pregnancy to:

  • A. compensate for decreased renal plasma flow
  • B. provide adequate perfusion of the placenta
  • C. eliminate metabolic wastes of the mother
  • D. prevent maternal and fetal dehydration
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Increased vascular volume ensures adequate placental perfusion to support fetal growth and oxygenation.

A pregnant woman complains of frequent heartburn. The patient states that she has never had these symptoms before and wonders why this is happening now. The most appropriate response by the nurse is to

  • A. examine her dietary intake pattern and tell her to avoid certain foods.
  • B. tell her that this is a normal finding during early pregnancy and will resolve as she gets closer to term.
  • C. experience this condition.
  • D. refer her to her health care provider for additional testing because this is an abnormal finding.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale:
- Choice C is correct because heartburn is a common symptom during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and pressure from the growing uterus.
- The nurse should educate the patient that experiencing heartburn is a normal physiological response during pregnancy.
- It is important for the nurse to reassure the patient that her symptoms are expected and not a cause for concern.
- Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not address the normalcy of heartburn during pregnancy and may cause unnecessary worry or unnecessary interventions.

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