Nokea
A 33-year-old male is being evaluated for possible acute leukemia. Which of the following findings is most likely related to the diagnosis of leukemia?
- A. The client collects stamps as a hobby.
- B. The client recently lost his job as a postal worker.
- C. The client had radiation for treatment of Hodgkin's disease as a teenager.
- D. The client's brother had leukemia as a child.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prior radiation therapy, especially for Hodgkin's disease, is a known risk factor for developing leukemia due to DNA damage in bone marrow cells.
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Which early morning activity helps to reduce the symptoms associated with rheumatoid arthritis?
- A. Brushing the teeth
- B. Drinking a glass of juice
- C. Holding a cup of coffee
- D. Brushing the hair
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Holding a warm cup of coffee can reduce morning stiffness in rheumatoid arthritis by providing warmth and gentle joint movement.
A client who has glaucoma is to have miotic eyedrops instilled in both eyes. The nurse knows that the purpose of the medication is to:
- A. Anesthetize the cornea
- B. Dilate the pupils
- C. Constrict the pupils
- D. Paralyze the muscles of accommodation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Miotics constrict the pupils, increasing aqueous humor outflow to reduce intraocular pressure in glaucoma.
The complete blood count of a client admitted with anemia reveals that the red blood cells are hypochromic and microcytic. The nurse recognizes that the client has:
- A. Aplastic anemia
- B. Iron-deficiency anemia
- C. Pernicious anemia
- D. Hemolytic anemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypochromic, microcytic red blood cells are characteristic of iron-deficiency anemia, caused by insufficient iron for hemoglobin synthesis.
The client is admitted to the hospital with hypertensive crises. Diazoxide (Hyperstat) is ordered. During administration, the nurse should:
- A. Utilize an infusion pump
- B. Check the blood glucose level
- C. Place the client in Trendelenburg position
- D. Cover the solution with foil
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diazoxide can cause hyperglycemia, so monitoring blood glucose levels is essential during administration.
A client suspected of having Alzheimer's disease is evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination. At the beginning of the evaluation, the examiner names three objects. Later in the evaluation, he asks the client to name the same three objects. The examiner is testing the client's:
- A. Attention
- B. Orientation
- C. Recall
- D. Registration
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Recalling three objects tests short-term memory (recall), a key component assessed in the Mini-Mental State Examination for Alzheimer's.