Nokea
A 5-year old boy presents with afebrile generalized tonic-clonic seizure lasting for 5 minutes. Previously he was healthy and had no such problem. On examination there is no abnormality. Your plan of management should be:
- A. Start anticonvulsant therapy
- B. Request for an EEG and wait for its report
- C. Request for an EEG and start anticonvulsant therapy immediately
- D. Request for EEG and MRI brain
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In a first-time generalized seizure, an immediate EEG and starting anticonvulsant therapy is prudent to prevent recurrence, especially if the EEG shows epileptiform activity.
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The nurse evaluates a certified nursing assistant. Which of the following actions by the CAN demonstrates understanding of standard precautions?
- A. Wears gloves during all client contact
- B. Cleans blood spills with soap and water
- C. Pours bulk blood and other secretions down a drain connected to a sanitary sewer
- D. Carries blood sample to the lab in an open basket
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct action that demonstrates understanding of standard precautions is wearing gloves during all client contact. Standard precautions are designed to prevent the transmission of infectious agents from both recognized and unrecognized sources of infection. Wearing gloves during client contact helps protect both the patient and the healthcare worker from potential infection transmission through contact with bodily fluids, skin, mucous membranes, and non-intact skin. Cleaning blood spills with soap and water is also part of standard precautions to prevent the spread of infection. However, pouring bulk blood and other secretions down a drain connected to a sanitary sewer and carrying a blood sample to the lab in an open basket do not align with standard precautions and could pose infection control risks.
Nurse Raymond is handling a group of student nurses and he is teaching them about fluids and electrolytes. He is correct when he says that a substance moves from an area of higher concentration, this is:
- A. osmosis
- B. filtration
- C. diffusion
- D. active transport
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the context of fluids and electrolytes, this process plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of these substances in the body. Nurse Raymond is correct in stating that diffusion is the mechanism by which substances move down their concentration gradient. Osmosis involves the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane, filtration is the process of separating substances based on size through a filtering mechanism, and active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.
The LEAST important advice for a 2-month-old baby with excessive crying is
- A. master the situation in relaxed manner
- B. adhere to precry cues
- C. change milk formula
- D. avoid sensory overstimulation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Changing formula may not address refusal due to developmental factors.
Which of the ff nursing interventions ensure that a client with Hodgkin's disease remains free of infection? Choose all that apply
- A. Apply ice to the skin for brief periods
- B. Provide cool sponge baths
- C. Practice conscientious hand washing
- D. Use cotton gloves Restrict visitors or personnel with infections from contact with the client
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: #NAME?
An adolescent patient, who has pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), inquires about the effects of the disease on their ability to bear children. What is the pediatric nurse's best response?
- A. The occurrence of spontaneous abortion during pregnancy increases with PID.
- B. There is an increased risk for ectopic pregnancy or infertility.
- C. There is an increased risk of placenta previa.
- D. There should be no problems with your ability to conceive.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: PID can lead to scarring of the fallopian tubes, increasing the risk of ectopic pregnancy or infertility.