Nokea
The nurse is providing breast cancer education at a community facility. The American Cancer Society recommends that women get with mammograms:
- A. Yearly after age 40
- B. After the birth of the first child and every 2 years thereafter
- C. After the first menstrual period and annually thereafter
- D. Every 3 years between ages 20 and 40 and annually thereafter
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The American Cancer Society recommends that women get yearly mammograms starting at age 40. This is because regular mammograms are the best way to detect breast cancer early when it's most treatable. Women at an average risk of breast cancer are advised to undergo yearly mammograms starting at age 40. Early detection through regular screening can help improve the chances of successful treatment and increase survival rates. It's important to follow these guidelines to ensure early detection and timely treatment of breast cancer.
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A 5-year-old child, recently diagnosed with ileocecal Burkitt lymphoma; lab investigations reveal: serum uric acid 12 mg/dl, serum sodium, 145 meq/dl; serum potassium, 4.5 meq/dl; serum phosphate 4.4 meq/dl; serum calcium, 8.9 mg/dl; blood urea, 22 mg/dl; serum creatinine, 0.8 mg/dl. Of the following, the MOST effective treatment is
- A. excessive hydration
- B. sodium bicarbonate
- C. xanthine oxidase inhibitor
- D. recombinant urate oxidase
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Recombinant urate oxidase (rasburicase) effectively lowers uric acid levels in cases of tumor lysis syndrome.
Nurse Kara is giving instructions to an elderly client on diabetic foot care. Which teaching is not part of foot care?
- A. wear comfortable shoes that fit well and protect your feet
- B. trim your toenails straight across and file edges with emery board
- C. wash your feet in hot water to keep feet soft
- D. wear shoes at the beach or on hot pavement
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Washing your feet in hot water is not recommended as it can actually worsen diabetic foot conditions. Hot water can lead to burns and damage the skin, especially for individuals with reduced sensation in their feet due to diabetes. It is advised to wash feet in warm water instead, avoiding hot temperatures to prevent injuries and complications. The other options provide important aspects of diabetic foot care such as wearing appropriate shoes, trimming toenails carefully, and being mindful of footwear choices to protect the feet.
During the routine exam of an infant the parents state a 5th degree family history of adenomatous polyposis. The statement that should be included during the discussion is the infant is at increased risk of colonic adenocarcinoma
- A. the infant is at increased risk of acute lymphocytic leukemia
- B. the infant is at increased risk of intestinal Burkitt lymphoma
- C. the infant is at increased risk of hepatoblastoma
- D. the infant is at increased risk of germ cell tumor
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Familial adenomatous polyposis significantly increases the risk of developing colorectal cancer.
A nurse is planning care for a preterm newborn. Which interventions should the nurse implement for skin care? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Use cleaning agents with neutral pH.
- B. Rub skin during drying.
- C. Use adhesive remover solvent when removing tape.
- D. Avoid removing adhesives for at least 24 hours.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Using cleaning agents with neutral pH is important for the delicate skin of a preterm newborn to prevent irritation and damage.
The LEAST important advice for a 2-month-old baby with excessive crying is
- A. master the situation in relaxed manner
- B. adhere to precry cues
- C. change milk formula
- D. avoid sensory overstimulation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Changing formula may not address refusal due to developmental factors.