Pediatric Research Questions

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Which of the following is most important discharge teaching for Mr. Dela Isla

  • A. Emergency Numbers
  • B. Relaxation technique
  • C. Drug Compliance
  • D. Dietary prescription SITUATION: Mr. Franco, 70 years old, suddenly could not lift his spoons nor speak at breakfast. He was rushed to the hospital unconscious. His diagnosis was CVA.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the case of Mr. Dela Isla, who suffered a CVA, one of the most important discharge teachings would be drug compliance. Following a stroke, patients are often prescribed medications to help manage their condition and reduce the risk of further complications. It is crucial for Mr. Dela Isla to understand the importance of taking his medications as prescribed by his healthcare provider. Non-compliance with medication regimens can have serious consequences and may increase the likelihood of recurrent strokes or other health issues. Therefore, ensuring that Mr. Dela Isla understands the purpose of his medications, how to take them correctly, and the potential side effects is essential for his recovery and ongoing health management. While emergency numbers, relaxation techniques, and dietary prescriptions are important aspects of care, ensuring drug compliance is critical for the immediate and long-term well-being of a patient who has experienced a stroke.

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A 16-year-old discusses his recent diagnosis of lupus with the nurse. Which statement best describes adolescent thinking regarding the future?

  • A. Adolescents are preoccupied with the present.
  • B. Adolescents are beginning to think abstractly and consider future possibilities.
  • C. Adolescents think only in concrete terms.
  • D. Adolescents are overly concerned with past events.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: During adolescence, abstract thinking develops, allowing teens to envision future possibilities.

The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old child who has been diagnosed with acquired hypothyroidism. The parents ask the nurse for information on the disorder. Which of the following should the nurse include in the information given to the parents?

  • A. Infection is the most likely cause
  • B. Weight loss is a common clinical manifestation
  • C. A thyroid replacement drug will be given
  • D. Fevers and diarrhea are common
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Acquired hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. In treating acquired hypothyroidism, the primary intervention is to provide thyroid hormone replacement therapy to supplement the body's low levels of thyroid hormone. This is typically done through medication, such as levothyroxine, which helps to restore normal thyroid hormone levels in the body. The replacement drug helps alleviate symptoms and prevent complications associated with hypothyroidism, ensuring the child's overall health and well-being.

Nurse Kara is giving instructions to an elderly client on diabetic foot care. Which teaching is not part of foot care?

  • A. wear comfortable shoes that fit well and protect your feet
  • B. trim your toenails straight across and file edges with emery board
  • C. wash your feet in hot water to keep feet soft
  • D. wear shoes at the beach or on hot pavement
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Washing your feet in hot water is not recommended as it can actually worsen diabetic foot conditions. Hot water can lead to burns and damage the skin, especially for individuals with reduced sensation in their feet due to diabetes. It is advised to wash feet in warm water instead, avoiding hot temperatures to prevent injuries and complications. The other options provide important aspects of diabetic foot care such as wearing appropriate shoes, trimming toenails carefully, and being mindful of footwear choices to protect the feet.

During the routine exam of an infant the parents state a 5th degree family history of adenomatous polyposis. The statement that should be included during the discussion is the infant is at increased risk of colonic adenocarcinoma

  • A. the infant is at increased risk of acute lymphocytic leukemia
  • B. the infant is at increased risk of intestinal Burkitt lymphoma
  • C. the infant is at increased risk of hepatoblastoma
  • D. the infant is at increased risk of germ cell tumor
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Familial adenomatous polyposis significantly increases the risk of developing colorectal cancer.

When monitoring for hypernatremia, the nurse should assess the client for:

  • A. Dry skin
  • B. Tachycardia
  • C. Confusion
  • D. Pale coloring
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hypernatremia is a condition characterized by high levels of sodium in the blood. When monitoring for hypernatremia, the nurse should assess the client for signs of neurologic impairment, such as confusion. This is because hypernatremia can lead to changes in mental status due to the hyperosmolarity of the blood affecting brain function. Assessing for confusion is crucial in identifying and managing hypernatremia promptly to prevent further complications. Dry skin, tachycardia, and pale coloring are not specific manifestations of hypernatremia and are less likely to be directly related to this electrolyte imbalance.

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