Pediatric Research Questions

Pediatric Research Questions Related

Review Pediatric Research Questions related questions and content

A client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) undergoes intradermal anergy testing using Candida and mumps antigen. During the 3 days following the tests, there is no induration or evidence of reaction at the intradermal injection sites. The most accurate conclusion the nurse can make is:

  • A. The client has no previous exposure to the antigens injected
  • B. The results demonstrate the client has antibodies to the antigens
  • C. The client is immunodeficient and won't have a skin response
  • D. The client isn't allergic to the antigens and therefore doesn't react
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A client with HIV undergoing intradermal anergy testing with Candida and mumps antigens is suspected to be immunodeficient, making them unable to mount a normal skin response to these antigens. In an immunodeficient individual, the immune system is weakened, leading to a lack of response when exposed to these antigens. A lack of induration or reaction in the 3 days following the test suggests that the client's immune system is not able to mount a normal response, indicating immunodeficiency. The absence of a reaction does not necessarily indicate lack of exposure (Option A), presence of antibodies (Option B), or the absence of allergies (Option D), but rather points to a compromised immune system in an individual with HIV.

You may also like to solve these questions

Which gauge IV cannula should the nurse choose when preparing to initiate a blood transfusion?

  • A. 18
  • B. 24
  • C. 22
  • D. 28
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: An 18-gauge IV cannula is the most appropriate choice when preparing to initiate a blood transfusion. This larger size allows for the rapid administration of blood products, which is important to prevent clotting and ensure a stable flow of the transfusion. Smaller gauge sizes, such as 22, 24, or 28, may be too slow for transfusion purposes and could potentially lead to delays or complications during the procedure. Therefore, the optimal choice for initiating a blood transfusion is an 18-gauge IV cannula.

A client with autoimmune thrombocytopenia and a platelet count of 8,000/ul develops epistaxis and melena. Treatment with corticosteroids and immunoglobulins has been unsuccessful, and the physician recommends a splenectomy. The client states, "I don't need surgery-this will go away on its own". In considering her response to the client, the nurse must depend on the ethical principle of:

  • A. Beneficence
  • B. Advocacy
  • C. Autonomy
  • D. Justice
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The ethical principle most relevant in this situation is autonomy. Autonomy refers to a person's right to make decisions about their own care and treatment. In this case, the client is expressing her wish to avoid surgery and believes her condition will improve on its own. It is important for the nurse to respect the client's autonomy and involve her in the decision-making process regarding her treatment. The nurse should provide information, support, and guidance to help the client make an informed decision that aligns with her values and preferences. While the nurse can provide education and encourage the client to consider the physician's recommendation, ultimately the decision should respect the client's autonomy.

Chemotherapeutic agents such as methotrexate and cyclophosphamide are sometimes used to treat JRA. Why are these medications used?

  • A. Effective against cancer, like JRA.
  • B. Affect the immune system.
  • C. Are similar to NSAIDs.
  • D. Are absorbed into the synovial fluid.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Chemotherapeutic agents like methotrexate and cyclophosphamide are used to treat Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) because they work by suppressing the immune system. In JRA, the immune system is overactive and attacks the body's own tissues, leading to inflammation and joint damage. By suppressing immune system activity, these medications can help reduce inflammation and prevent further joint damage in patients with JRA.

The nurse explains to a client that she will administer his first insulin dose in his abdomen. How does absorption at the abdominal site compare to absorption at other sites?

  • A. Insulin is absorbed more slowly at abdominal injection sites than at other sites.
  • B. Insulin absorbed rapidly regardless of the injection site.
  • C. Insulin is absorbed more rapidly at abdominal injection than at other sites.
  • D. Insulin is absorbed unpredictably at all injection sites.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Insulin absorption rates can vary depending on the injection site. The abdomen is one of the recommended sites for insulin injection due to its relatively rapid absorption rate compared to other sites such as the upper arm or thigh. Insulin injected into the abdomen is absorbed more quickly because of the larger blood supply in that area, leading to faster onset of action and better blood glucose control. This is why the nurse chose to administer the first insulin dose in the client's abdomen for optimal effectiveness.

An adolescent girl tells the nurse that she is very suicidal. The nurse asks her whether she has a specific plan. Asking this should be considered:

  • A. an appropriate part of the assessment.
  • B. not a critical part of the assessment.
  • C. suggesting that the adolescent needs a plan.
  • D. encouraging the adolescent to devise a plan.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Asking an adolescent girl who expresses suicidal thoughts whether she has a specific plan is an appropriate part of the assessment. This question helps the nurse determine the level of risk and urgency of the situation. Knowing whether there is a specific plan in place can guide the nurse in determining the appropriate intervention and level of care needed to ensure the safety and well-being of the adolescent. It is crucial to assess for the presence of a specific plan as it can indicate a higher risk of imminent harm.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.