Nokea
A 6-year-old child who has chickenpox also has a fever of 102.9?°F (39.4?°C). The child's mother asks the nurse if she should use aspirin to reduce the fever. What is the best response by the nurse?
- A. It's best to wait to see if the fever gets worse.
- B. You can use the aspirin, but watch for worsening symptoms.
- C. Acetaminophen should be used to reduce his fever, not aspirin.
- D. You can use aspirin, but be sure to follow the instructions on the bottle.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aspirin is contraindicated in children with flu-like symptoms because the use of this drug has been strongly associated with Reye syndrome. This is an acute and potentially life-threatening condition involving progressive neurologic deficits that can lead to coma and may also involve liver damage. Acetaminophen is appropriate for this patient.
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There is a new order for Naproxen 250 mg PO twice daily. The drug is available as an oral suspension that contains 125 mg/5 mL. Identify how many milliliters the nurse will administer for 1 dose of this medication.
Correct Answer: 10 mL
Rationale: Calculate dose: 125 mg:5 mL::250 mg:x mL. (125 ?? x) = (5 ?? 250); 125x = 1250; x = 10 mL.
The nurse notes in a patient's medication history that the patient is taking allopurinol. Based on this finding, the nurse interprets that the patient has which disorder?
- A. Rheumatoid arthritis
- B. Gout
- C. Osteoarthritis
- D. Systemic lupus erythematosus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Allopurinol is indicated for the treatment of gout but is not indicated for the other disorders listed.
A 55-year-old woman has been given a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse is reviewing the patient's medication history and notes that which types of medications could have an interaction with the NSAID? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Antibiotics
- B. Decongestants
- C. Anticoagulants
- D. Beta blockers
- E. Diuretics
- F. Corticosteroids
Correct Answer: C,E,F
Rationale: Anticoagulants taken with NSAIDs may cause increased bleeding tendencies because of platelet inhibition and hypoprothrombinemia. NSAIDs taken with diuretics may cause reduced hypotensive and diuretic effects. NSAIDs taken with corticosteroids may cause increased ulcerogenic effects.
The nurse is reviewing the therapeutic effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which include which effect?
- A. Anxiolytic
- B. Sedative
- C. Antipyretic
- D. Antimicrobial
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NSAIDs have antipyretic effects but not the other effects listed.
The nurse is reviewing the history of a patient who has a new order for a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Which conditions, if present, are contraindications to the use of NSAIDs? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Vitamin K deficiency
- B. Arthralgia
- C. Peptic ulcer disease
- D. Documented aspirin allergy
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Contraindications to NSAIDs include known drug allergy as well as conditions that place the patient at risk for bleeding, such as vitamin K deficiency and peptic ulcer disease. Patients with documented aspirin allergy should not receive NSAIDs. NSAIDs may be used to treat arthralgia.