ATI Pediatric Practice Questions

ATI Pediatric Practice Questions Related

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A 6-year-old child with daytime enuresis complains of dysuria and urgency. What does the nurse recognize these signs and symptoms indicate?

  • A. Urinary tract infection
  • B. Nephrotic syndrome
  • C. Acute glomerulonephritis
  • D. Vesicoureteral reflux
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The signs and symptoms of dysuria and urgency in a child with daytime enuresis are indicative of a urinary tract infection. These symptoms, including urinary frequency and pain during urination, commonly point towards a UTI. Nephrotic syndrome typically presents with edema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia. Acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, and oliguria. Vesicoureteral reflux may lead to recurrent UTIs but does not directly present with dysuria and urgency.

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The 6-year-old child scheduled for an orchiopexy shyly asks the nurse, 'What are they going to do to me 'down there'? What is the nurse's best response?

  • A. They are going to fix you up 'down there'.
  • B. They will move your testicle from your abdomen to your scrotum.
  • C. What do you think your doctor is going to do?
  • D. You shouldn't worry. Your doctor knows exactly what to do.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The nurse should encourage the child to express his thoughts and feelings about the upcoming surgery. This approach helps the child feel heard and understood while providing an opportunity to address any misconceptions or fears. By asking the child what he thinks the doctor will do, the nurse engages the child in a conversation that can help alleviate anxiety and build trust. School-age children often have fears related to bodily harm, and open communication can help alleviate such concerns.

A healthcare provider is planning care for a child with hyperkalemia. Which manifestation associated with the documented hyperkalemia requires immediate intervention by the healthcare provider?

  • A. Hyperthermia
  • B. Respiratory distress
  • C. Seizures
  • D. Cardiac arrhythmias
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In hyperkalemia, cardiac arrhythmias are the most critical and life-threatening manifestation that requires immediate intervention. Hyperkalemia can lead to dangerous heart rhythm disturbances, potentially resulting in cardiac arrest. Prompt treatment is essential to stabilize the heart rhythm and prevent life-threatening complications.

For which patient diagnosis would a prescription for nifedipine be least appropriate?

  • A. Angina Pectoris
  • B. Essential HTN
  • C. Atrial Fibrillation
  • D. Vasospastic Angina
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Nifedipine primarily acts as a calcium channel blocker. It lacks significant effects on the calcium channels of the heart, making it ineffective for treating dysrhythmias like Atrial Fibrillation. Nifedipine is commonly used in conditions such as angina pectoris, essential hypertension, and vasospastic angina due to its vasodilatory effects and anti-anginal properties.

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends the fasting total cholesterol level is elevated when serum cholesterol is

  • A. ≥150 mg/dL
  • B. ≥175 mg/dL
  • C. ≥200 mg/dL
  • D. ≥225 mg/dL
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke is associated with

  • A. shorter neonatal length
  • B. lower birthweight
  • C. changes in neonatal behavior
  • D. neonatal diabetes
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

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