Nokea
A 7-year-old male fell off a wood pile while playing. He has been admitted to the ICU with multiple broken bones and internal bleeding. What should the nurse know about drug therapy in this type of patient?
- A. Adverse effects may be decreased
- B. Therapeutic effects may be increased
- C. Pharmacodynamics may be altered
- D. Pharmacokinetics remain the same
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Trauma alters pharmacodynamics (drug effects) due to physiological stress and injury responses.
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Before administering a prescription medication, what information does the nurse find on the drug label? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Brand name
- B. Generic name
- C. Drug concentration
- D. Adverse effects
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prescription drug labels will contain the brand name, generic name, drug concentration, and expiration date. Adverse effects will not be listed on drug labels.
Sarah developed a rash after using a topical medication. This is a type __ allergic drug reaction.
- A. I
- B. II
- C. III
- D. IV
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A rash from topical medication is a Type IV (delayed hypersensitivity) reaction , typically contact dermatitis, not immediate (I), cytotoxic (II), or immune complex (III).
Which is the most important drug in the treatment of organophosphate poisoning?
- A. Atropine sulfate
- B. Pralidoxime
- C. Diazepam
- D. Adrenaline
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atropine sulfate is the most critical initial treatment for organophosphate poisoning, counteracting muscarinic effects like bronchorrhea and bradycardia, while pralidoxime regenerates cholinesterase later.
Vincristine toxicity frequently presents as:
- A. Anemia
- B. Neutropenia
- C. Thrombocytopenia
- D. Polyneuritis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vincristine commonly causes neurotoxicity, including polyneuritis.
What takes up a large amount of drug?
- A. Muscles
- B. Adipose
- C. Brain
- D. A and B
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Muscles and adipose tissue take up large drug amounts due to their mass and lipid content (for lipophilic drugs), respectively, making D correct.