Nokea
A 70-year-old patient has just received a drug, which can cause sedation. What would be the priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?
- A. Noncompliance: Cost of the drug
- B. Deficient knowledge: Unfamiliar with drug therapy
- C. Risk for injury: Related to adverse effects of the drug
- D. Ineffective health maintenance: Need for medication
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sedation increases the risk of falls or injury, making 'Risk for injury' the priority nursing diagnosis for a 70-year-old patient, given age-related vulnerabilities.
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Bromocriptine is (select one that does not apply)
- A. A partial agonist of dopamine
- B. A partial antagonist of dopamine
- C. Used in the treatment of parkinsonism
- D. Used to reduce GH secretion in acromegaly
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bromocriptine is a dopamine agonist used in parkinsonism and acromegaly; all except B are correct.
Drugs do not metabolize the same way in all people. For what patient would a nurse expect to assess for an alteration in drug metabolism?
- A. A 35-year-old woman with cervical cancer
- B. A 41-year-old man with kidney stones
- C. A 50-year-old man with cirrhosis of the liver
- D. A 62-year-old woman in acute renal failure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The liver is the most important site of drug metabolism. If the liver is not functioning effectively, as in patients with cirrhosis, drugs will not metabolize normally so that toxic levels could develop unless dosage is reduced. A patient with cervical cancer or kidney stones would not be expected to have altered ability to metabolize drugs so long as no liver damage existed. The patient with renal failure would have altered excretion of the drugs through the renal system but metabolism would not be impacted.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for long-term use of oral prednisone for treatment of chronic asthma. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
- A. Weight gain
- B. Nervousness
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Constipation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prednisone causes weight gain due to fluid retention and increased appetite.
A nurse is reviewing a client's health record and notes that the client experiences permanent extrapyramidal effects caused by a previous medication. The nurse should recognize that the medication affected which of the following systems in the client?
- A. Cardiovascular
- B. Immune
- C. Central nervous
- D. Gastrointestinal
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Extrapyramidal effects are movement disorders caused by medications affecting the central nervous system , like antipsychotics.
Factors that facilitate keeping patient information confidential in an electronic health record (EHR) system include:
- A. Designing software so that only those who need the information can gain access
- B. Requiring providers to log off at the end of the clinical day
- C. Keeping a file of the login and password information for each provider in a secure place
- D. Having patients sign informed consent documents to have their data on an EHR
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Restricted access software enhances EHR confidentiality.