Nokea
A 72-year-old client with dementia, who resides in a long-term care facility, frequently goes to her room and cries because she misses her children. This client could benefit most from which intervention?
- A. Life review
- B. Doll therapy
- C. Comfort touch
- D. Audio presence therapy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Audio presence therapy. This intervention involves playing recordings of loved ones' voices to provide comfort and emotional support. For a client with dementia missing her children, hearing their voices can help reduce feelings of loneliness and provide a sense of connection. Life review (A) may not directly address the client's current emotional needs. Doll therapy (B) and comfort touch (C) may provide some comfort but may not be as effective as directly hearing the voices of her children through audio presence therapy (D).
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The nurse who sees a number of battered women each year decides to put together a set of guidelines for nurses. An appropriate guideline to include, with the victims' informed consent, would be to:
- A. Take at least two photographs of each trauma area
- B. Assess for sexually transmitted disease
- C. Follow rape protocol even when rape is not suspected
- D. Make protective services aware of the abuse
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because taking photographs of trauma areas can provide crucial evidence for legal and medical purposes. It can help document the extent of injuries and aid in the prosecution of the abuser. This step is essential in ensuring proper documentation and care for the victims.
Option B is incorrect because assessing for sexually transmitted diseases may not be the immediate priority in cases of domestic violence. Option C is incorrect as following rape protocol when rape is not suspected may not be necessary and could potentially retraumatize the victim. Option D is incorrect because making protective services aware of the abuse should only be done with the victim's consent to ensure their safety and autonomy.
Sleep disorders that are characterized by abnormal behavioral or physical events during sleep are called:
- A. insomnia.
- B. dyssomnias.
- C. hypersomnia.
- D. parasomnias.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: parasomnias. Parasomnias are sleep disorders involving abnormal behaviors or physical events during sleep, such as sleepwalking or night terrors. This is the correct choice because it specifically addresses the description provided in the question.
A: Insomnia is characterized by difficulty falling or staying asleep, not abnormal behaviors during sleep.
B: Dyssomnias are a broad category of sleep disorders affecting the timing, quality, or amount of sleep, not necessarily involving abnormal behaviors during sleep.
C: Hypersomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, not abnormal behaviors during sleep.
In summary, the other choices do not align with the description of sleep disorders involving abnormal behavioral or physical events during sleep, making D the correct answer.
What is the primary source of mental stimulation in early childhood?
- A. Television
- B. Parental interaction
- C. Toys
- D. School lessons
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Parental interaction (B) provides responsive, tailored stimulation critical for early mental development. TV (A) and toys (C) are less interactive, and school lessons (D) come later.
A patient with schizophrenia repeatedly asks for directions and the time of day. The nurse should:
- A. repeat the information in a kind, matter-of-fact manner.
- B. write out the information so the patient can easily refer to it.
- C. tell the patient that the habit of frequent questioning is annoying.
- D. provide the information once and then remind the patient that the question was already asked.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because patients with schizophrenia may have cognitive impairments affecting memory and orientation, leading to repetitive questioning. By repeating information in a kind, matter-of-fact manner, the nurse can address the patient's needs without causing distress.
Choice B may be helpful, but verbal reinforcement is essential for immediate clarification. Choice C is incorrect as it may exacerbate the patient's distress and worsen the therapeutic relationship. Choice D does not address the underlying cognitive issue and may come across as dismissive.
The drug of choice for treating Tourette syndrome?
- A. Fluoxetine
- B. Fluvoxamine
- C. Haloperidol
- D. Paroxetine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Haloperidol is a typical antipsychotic commonly used to reduce tics in Tourette syndrome by modulating dopamine activity.