Nokea
A 75 year old man is suffering from benign prostatic hypertrophy and is being treated with terazosin. Which of the following adverse reaction would be expected taking this drug?
- A. Erectile dysfunction
- B. Orthostatic hypotension
- C. GI distress
- D. Gynecomastia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Orthostatic hypotension. Terazosin is an alpha-1 blocker commonly used to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy. It works by relaxing smooth muscle in the prostate and bladder neck. This relaxation can lead to vasodilation and subsequently cause a drop in blood pressure. Orthostatic hypotension is a common adverse reaction of alpha-1 blockers due to this mechanism. The other choices, A: Erectile dysfunction, C: GI distress, and D: Gynecomastia are not typically associated with terazosin use. Erectile dysfunction can actually be improved with alpha-1 blockers as they relax smooth muscle in the prostate, allowing for easier urination and potentially improved sexual function. GI distress and gynecomastia are not common side effects of terazosin.
You may also like to solve these questions
What would the nurse first anticipate in the treatment of a patient in the Injury stage of the RIFLE staging of AKI?
- A. Assess daily weight
- B. IV administration of fluid and furosemide (Lasix)
- C. IV administration of insulin and sodium bicarbonate
- D. Urinalysis to check for sediment, osmolality, sodium, and specific gravity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because in the Injury stage of AKI, the priority is to maintain fluid balance and prevent further kidney damage. IV fluid administration helps improve renal perfusion, while furosemide helps manage fluid overload.
A: Assessing daily weight is important but not the first priority in the Injury stage.
C: IV insulin and sodium bicarbonate are not typically indicated in the initial treatment of AKI.
D: Urinalysis is important for diagnostics but not the first intervention in the Injury stage.
An 11-year-old girl is in the clinic for a sports physical examination. The nurse notices that she has begun to develop breasts, and during the conversation the girl reveals that she is worried about her development. The nurse should use which of these techniques to best assist the young girl in understanding the expected sequence for development? The nurse should:
- A. Use the Tanner scale on the five stages of sexual development.
- B. Describe her development and compare it with that of other girls her age.
- C. Use the Jacobsen table on expected development on the basis of height and weight data.
- D. Reassure her that her development is within normal limits and tell her not to worry about the next step.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use the Tanner scale on the five stages of sexual development. The Tanner scale is a standardized tool used to assess the stages of sexual development in children and adolescents. By using this scale, the nurse can provide the girl with a clear and objective understanding of her current stage of development and what to expect in the future. This approach helps the young girl feel informed and reassured about the normal process of puberty.
Choice B is incorrect because comparing the girl's development with other girls her age may lead to unnecessary comparisons and anxiety. Choice C is incorrect as the Jacobsen table based on height and weight data is not relevant for assessing sexual development. Choice D is incorrect as simply reassuring the girl without providing detailed information may not address her concerns effectively.
Mary Jane develops edema after the birth of her first child and will be treated by peritoneal dialysis. The nurse will have the patient void before the catheter is introduced into the peritoneal space to
- A. determine the effectiveness of the treatment
- B. prevent accidental puncture of the bladder
- C. get an accurate output record
- D. prevent incontinence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: prevent accidental puncture of the bladder. Voiding before catheter insertion ensures the bladder is empty, reducing the risk of bladder puncture during peritoneal dialysis. Choice A is incorrect as voiding does not determine treatment effectiveness. Choice C is incorrect as output recording is not the primary reason for voiding. Choice D is incorrect as voiding does not directly prevent incontinence during peritoneal dialysis.
The patient with chronic kidney disease is considering whether to use peritoneal dialysis (PD) or hemodialysis (HD). What are advantages of PD when compared to HD (select all that apply)?
- A. Less protein loss
- B. Rapid fluid removal
- C. Less cardiovascular stress
- D. Decreased hyperlipidemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Less protein loss. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) occurs continuously, allowing for a slower and gentler removal of waste products, leading to less protein loss compared to the intermittent nature of hemodialysis (HD). This is because PD uses the peritoneal membrane as a filter, which is more gentle on proteins.
Rapid fluid removal (B) is actually an advantage of HD, as it can quickly remove excess fluids. Less cardiovascular stress (C) is not a specific advantage of PD over HD, as both types of dialysis can impact cardiovascular health. Decreased hyperlipidemia (D) is not a direct advantage of PD over HD.
A 22-year-old woman has been considering using oral contraceptives. As a part of her health history, the nurse should ask:
- A. Do you have a history of heart murmurs?
- B. Will you be in a monogamous relationship?
- C. Have you carefully thought this choice through?
- D. If you smoke, how many cigarettes do you smoke per day?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular complications with oral contraceptives. By asking about the number of cigarettes smoked per day, the nurse can assess the level of risk. Choice A is incorrect as it is not directly related to the safety of oral contraceptives. Choice B is important for overall sexual health but not directly related to the safety of oral contraceptives. Choice C is vague and does not provide specific information about potential risks associated with oral contraceptives.