A characteristic that distinguishes true receptors from other drug binding sites present in blood and other biological tissues is the characteristic of:
- A. binding affinity
- B. reversible binding
- C. signal transduction
- D. stereoselective interaction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reversible binding is a key feature of true receptors, distinguishing them from non-specific binding sites like plasma proteins.
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A charge nurse is planning a staff education session to discuss medications used during the care of a client experiencing alcohol withdrawal. Which of the following medications should the charge nurse include in the discussion?
- A. Lorazepam
- B. Prednisolone
- C. Disulfiram
- D. Naltrexone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lorazepam and diazepam manage withdrawal symptoms; disulfiram and naltrexone are for maintenance.
Which statement is not correct about metformin:
- A. Is for internal use only
- B. Reduce weight, apetite
- C. More frequently causes nausea and vomiting comparing with other hypoglicemic drugs
- D. Use for diabetes mellitus type I
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metformin is not typically used for type 1 diabetes, which requires insulin, as it acts on insulin sensitivity and hepatic glucose production.
Reduce the likelihood of therapeutic failure with tamoxifen treatment
- A. Not provided in document
- B. Not provided in document
- C. Not provided in document
- D. Not provided in document
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This question lacks options, but the answer key (ANS: 2) suggests the second choice. Strategies to reduce therapeutic failure include avoiding CYP2D6 inhibitors to ensure proper metabolism of tamoxifen to its active form.
The ganglion blocking drugs act by
- A. Competing with acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions
- B. Preventing release of acetylcholine
- C. Preventing nerve conduction in post ganglionic segment
- D. Preventing catecholamine release or inactivating it
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ganglion blockers (e.g., hexamethonium) prevent acetylcholine release at ganglia.
Hepatitis B vaccine is contraindicated in patients who:
- A. Were born after less than 32 weeks gestation (give first dose at age 6 months)
- B. Are pregnant
- C. Are on hemodialysis
- D. Are allergic to yeast
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hepatitis B vaccine is contraindicated in yeast allergy (it's yeast-derived); prematurity , pregnancy , or dialysis are not.