Nokea
A child born with Trisomy 21 should be evaluated for which associated cardiac manifestation?
- A. Systemic hypertension
- B. Congenital heart defect
- C. Hyperlipidemia
- D. Cardiomyopathy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Children with Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) have a high incidence of congenital heart defects, such as atrioventricular septal defects, and should be evaluated for these conditions.
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The clinical features of subaortic membrane stenosis can include all, except
- A. Ejection systolic murmur
- B. Ejection click
- C. End-diastolic murmur of aortic regurgitation
- D. Low pulse volume
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An ejection click is not typically a feature of subaortic membrane stenosis.
The nurse is caring for a child with acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the following would most likely indicate that the child’s condition is improving?
- A. Increased urine output with normal color and consistency
- B. Decrease in the blood pressure
- C. A reduction in protein levels in the urine
- D. A decrease in hematuria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Improved renal function is indicated by increased urine output and the return of urine to normal color and consistency.
Which is a major clinical manifestation of rheumatic fever?
- A. Polyarthritis
- B. Osler nodes
- C. Janeway spots
- D. Splinter hemorrhages of distal third of nails
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Polyarthritis, which is swollen, hot, red, and painful joints, is a major clinical manifestation of rheumatic fever. The affected joints will change every 1 to 2 days. Primarily the large joints are affected. Osler nodes, Janeway spots, and splinter hemorrhages are characteristic of infective endocarditis.
Recognised features in Marfan's syndrome include:
- A. Mutation in fibrillin gene
- B. Mitral valve prolapse
- C. Cognitive impairment
- D. Myopia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mitral valve prolapse
Growth hormone secretion is raised by:
- A. Sleep
- B. Stress
- C. IGF-1
- D. Somatostatin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sleep