Nokea
A child is brought to the emergency department experiencing an anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting. Once the airway is established, the nurse should do which action? Place in correct sequence. Provide the answer using lowercase letters separated by commas (e.g., a, b, c).
- A. Administer epinephrine.
- B. Keep the child warm and calm.
- C. Obtain vascular access.
- D. sing to the child
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administering epinephrine is the first priority in a child experiencing an anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting. Epinephrine is a life-saving medication that helps reverse the severe allergic response and stabilizes the child's condition.
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Which is the causative agent of scarlet fever?
- A. Enteroviruses
- B. Corynebacterium organisms
- C. Scarlet fever virus
- D. Group A b-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Scarlet fever is caused by Group Aß-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS), particularly Streptococcus pyogenes. This bacteria produces erythrogenic exotoxins that cause the characteristic rash seen in scarlet fever. These toxins also contribute to the other symptoms associated with scarlet fever, such as high fever, sore throat, and a red, bumpy tongue (strawberry tongue). Therefore, the correct causative agent of scarlet fever is Group Aß-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS).
The nurse should implement which prescribed treatment for a child with warts?
- A. Vaccination
- B. Local destruction
- C. Corticosteroids
- D. Specific antibiotic therapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Warts are caused by viral infections, mainly the human papillomavirus (HPV). Local destruction methods, such as cryotherapy (freezing), laser therapy, or chemical treatment, are the preferred treatments for warts in children. These methods physically destroy the wart tissue, helping to eliminate the virus and promote healing. Vaccination, corticosteroids, and specific antibiotic therapy are not typically prescribed treatments for warts.
The parents of a newborn plan to have him circumcised. They ask the nurse about pain associated with this procedure. What knowledge should the nurse's response be based on?
- A. Experience pain with circumcision
- B. Do not experience pain with circumcision
- C. Quickly forget about the pain of circumcision
- D. Are too young for anesthesia or analgesia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The response should be based on the fact that newborns do not experience pain with circumcision. This is because newborns do not have a fully developed neurological system to perceive pain in the same way that adults do. Studies have shown that the pain response in newborns is limited, and they are able to quickly recover from minor procedures like circumcision without experiencing long-lasting pain. Therefore, the nurse should inform the parents that newborns do not experience pain with circumcision. This is important for providing accurate information and alleviating the concerns of the parents.
The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. The nurse should include information about which hormone lacking in clients with diabetes insipidus?
- A. antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
- B. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
- C. thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
- D. luteinizing hormone (LH).
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clients with diabetes insipidus lack antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin. ADH plays a crucial role in regulating the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidneys, thus maintaining the body's water balance. In diabetes insipidus, there is a deficiency or decreased response to ADH, leading to excessive urine production and consequent dehydration if not managed properly. Therefore, understanding the role and function of ADH is essential for the nurse to include in the teaching plan for a client diagnosed with diabetes insipidus.
Mr. and Mrs. Baker's only daughter is diagnosed with heart failure. Which of the following interventions would be appropriate to promote optimal nutrition for the infant?
- A. Replacing regular nipples with easy-to-suck ones
- B. Allowing the infant to feed for at least 1 hour
- C. Providing large feedings evenly spaced every 4 hours
- D. Offering formula that is high in sodium and calories 47
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Replacing regular nipples with easy-to-suck ones would be appropriate to promote optimal nutrition for the infant with heart failure. Infants with heart failure may have difficulty feeding due to fatigue and respiratory distress. Using easy-to-suck nipples can help the infant conserve energy during feeding and promote adequate intake. This intervention aims to make feeding easier for the infant and improve overall nutrition status.