Nokea
A child is in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury. Which of the following interventions should be included in the plan of care?
- A. Administer a loop diuretic.
- B. Provide a low-sodium diet.
- C. Weigh the child weekly.
- D. Provide a high-protein diet.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: During the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury, the priority is to manage fluid balance. Administering a loop diuretic helps promote diuresis and reduce fluid retention, aiding in managing the condition effectively. Providing a low-sodium diet may be beneficial but is not the priority intervention during this phase. Weighing the child weekly may be important for monitoring overall health but does not directly address the oliguric phase. Providing a high-protein diet is not typically recommended in acute kidney injury, especially during the oliguric phase.
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A child is being assessed for possible appendicitis with perforation. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Hyperactive bowel sounds
- B. Abdominal distension
- C. Hypoactive bowel sounds
- D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In a child with appendicitis and possible perforation, the nurse should expect bradycardia due to peritoneal irritation. Bradycardia is a common response to peritoneal inflammation or infection, indicating a possible serious complication. Hyperactive bowel sounds, abdominal distension, and hypoactive bowel sounds are more commonly associated with other gastrointestinal conditions and are less likely to be present in a child with appendicitis and perforation.
A child with nephrotic syndrome has not experienced diuresis after a month on corticosteroids. What protocol can the nurse encourage to induce diuresis?
- A. Ibuprofen, an anti-inflammatory agent
- B. Furosemide (Lasix), a diuretic
- C. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro), an antibiotic
- D. Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), an immunosuppressant
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: If diuresis has not occurred with corticosteroids in nephrotic syndrome, a diuretic like Furosemide (Lasix) is the appropriate choice to promote diuresis. Furosemide works by increasing urine production and reducing fluid retention. While Ibuprofen is an anti-inflammatory agent, it does not directly induce diuresis. Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic and is not indicated for promoting diuresis in this scenario. Cyclophosphamide is an immunosuppressant, not an antisuppressant, and is not typically used to induce diuresis in nephrotic syndrome.
Although melanoma is relatively rare in children, some risk factors may increase its incidence. All the following are risk factors for development of melanoma EXCEPT
- A. positive family history of melanoma
- B. dark-skinned child
- C. hairy nevus
- D. dysplastic nevus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A patient is receiving glucocorticoids for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The patient complains of having a headache. Which ordered medication should the nurse administer?
- A. Aspirin
- B. Acetaminophen
- C. Ibuprofen
- D. Naproxen Sodium (Aleve)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a patient is already receiving glucocorticoids for rheumatoid arthritis and complains of a headache, it is essential to consider the potential interactions and side effects of additional medications. Aspirin and NSAIDs like ibuprofen and naproxen sodium can increase the risk of gastrointestinal irritation and ulceration when used concurrently with glucocorticoids. Acetaminophen is a safer choice in this scenario for managing the patient's headache without exacerbating the gastrointestinal issues associated with the use of glucocorticoids.
Which parental statement indicates correct understanding of preventive techniques for heat-related illnesses when children exercise?
- A. Wearing dark clothing during exercise is not recommended.
- B. Water is the preferred fluid for fluid replenishment.
- C. During activity, stopping for fluids every 15 to 20 minutes is essential.
- D. Hydration should be maintained throughout the exercise session.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.