NCLEX RN Practice Questions Quizlet

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A child weighing 30 kg arrives at the clinic with diffuse itching as the result of an allergic reaction to an insect bite. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 25 mg 3 times a day is prescribed. The correct pediatric dose is 5 mg/kg/day. Which of the following best describes the prescribed drug dose?

  • A. It is the correct dose
  • B. The dose is too low
  • C. The dose is too high
  • D. The dose should be increased or decreased, depending on the symptoms
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct pediatric dose of diphenhydramine is 5 mg/kg/day. This child weighs 30 kg, so the calculated dose would be 5 mg/kg x 30 kg = 150 mg/day. Since the prescription is for 25 mg 3 times a day, the total daily dose is 25 mg x 3 = 75 mg/day, which is lower than the calculated dose of 150 mg/day. Therefore, the prescribed dose of 25 mg 3 times a day is too low for this child. The dose should be adjusted to meet the correct dosage of 150 mg/day, which would be 50 mg 3 times a day. It is important not to titrate the dosage based on symptoms without consulting a physician, as this can lead to inappropriate medication administration.

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A patient asks a nurse administering blood how long red blood cells live in the body. What is the correct response?

  • A. The life span of RBC is 45 days
  • B. The life span of RBC is 60 days
  • C. The life span of RBC is 90 days
  • D. The life span of RBC is 120 days
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is that red blood cells have a lifespan of 120 days in the body. This allows for efficient oxygen transport throughout the circulatory system. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the lifespan of red blood cells is actually 120 days. Understanding the lifespan of red blood cells is crucial in assessing various conditions related to blood cell production and turnover.

You are responsible for reviewing the nursing unit's refrigerator. Which of the following drugs, if found inside the fridge, should be removed?

  • A. Nadolol (Corgard)
  • B. Opened (in-use) Humulin N injection
  • C. Urokinase (Kinlytic)
  • D. Epoetin alfa IV (Epogen)
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Nadolol (Corgard) should be removed if found inside the fridge because it is supposed to be stored at room temperature between 59 to 86 ºF (15 and 30 ºC) away from heat, moisture, and light. Storing it in the refrigerator can alter its effectiveness and stability.

Option B, the opened Humulin N injection, should not be stored in the refrigerator as it is an in-use product and can remain at room temperature for a certain period as per manufacturer guidelines. Option C, Urokinase (Kinlytic), and Option D, Epoetin alfa IV (Epogen), do not require refrigeration and can be stored at room temperature. Therefore, Nadolol (Corgard) is the drug that should be removed from the fridge.

Rhogam is most often used to treat____ mothers that have a ____ infant.

  • A. RH positive, RH positive
  • B. RH positive, RH negative
  • C. RH negative, RH positive
  • D. RH negative, RH negative
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rhogam is administered to RH-negative mothers who have an RH-positive infant to prevent the development of anti-RH antibodies in the mother's system. Choice A (RH positive, RH positive) is incorrect because Rhogam is not used when both mother and infant are RH positive. Choice B (RH positive, RH negative) is incorrect because Rhogam is used when the mother is RH negative, not RH positive. Choice D (RH negative, RH negative) is incorrect as Rhogam is not typically needed if both mother and infant are RH negative.

What preparation should be made for a client undergoing a KUB (Kidney, Ureter, Bladder) radiography test?

  • A. Client must be NPO before the examination
  • B. Enema should be administered before the examination
  • C. Medicate the client with furosemide 20 mg IV 30 minutes before the examination
  • D. No special orders are necessary for this examination
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is that no special orders are necessary for a KUB radiography test. It is important to inform the client to remove any clothing, jewelry, or objects that may interfere with the test. Option A is incorrect because there is no need for the client to be NPO before this examination. Option B is incorrect as enemas are not routinely administered prior to a KUB radiography test. Option C is incorrect as there is no need to medicate the client with furosemide before this examination.

Which of the following medications taken by the patient is least likely to cause urine discoloration?

  • A. Sulfasalazine
  • B. Levodopa
  • C. Phenolphthalein
  • D. Aspirin
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is Aspirin. Aspirin is not known to cause urine discoloration. Sulfasalazine is associated with causing orange-yellow discoloration of urine. Levodopa can cause darkening of urine to a brown or black color. Phenolphthalein has been linked to pink or red discoloration of urine. Therefore, among the options provided, Aspirin is the medication least likely to cause urine discoloration.

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