Nokea
A child with hyperthyroidism (Graves disease) is receiving propylthiouracil. The parents and child should be taught to recognize and report which sign or symptom immediately?
- A. Fatigue
- B. Weight loss
- C. Fever, sore throat
- D. Upper respiratory tract infection
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fever and sore throat may indicate leukopenia, a serious side effect of propylthiouracil, requiring immediate reporting. Fatigue and weight loss are symptoms of hyperthyroidism, not drug complications, and upper respiratory infections are typically viral, not urgent.
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What nursing care should be included for a child diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?
- A. Maintain the child NPO (nothing by mouth).
- B. Turn the child frequently.
- C. Restrict fluids.
- D. Encourage fluids.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: SIADH causes excessive water retention, so fluid restriction is key to prevent hyponatremia and fluid overload. NPO status isn?t needed, frequent turning is unnecessary unless unresponsive, and encouraging fluids worsens the condition.
What blood glucose measurement is most likely associated with diabetic ketoacidosis?
- A. 185 mg/dl
- B. 220 mg/dl
- C. 280 mg/dl
- D. 330 mg/dl
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) typically involves blood glucose levels ?330 mg/dl, reflecting severe insulin deficiency. Levels of 185, 220, and 280 mg/dl are hyperglycemic but below the threshold commonly associated with DKA.
What is a common clinical manifestation of juvenile hypothyroidism?
- A. Insomnia
- B. Diarrhea
- C. Dry skin
- D. Rapid growth
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dry skin is a hallmark of juvenile hypothyroidism, along with mental decline and myxedema. Hypothyroidism causes sleepiness, constipation, and slowed growth, not insomnia, diarrhea, or rapid growth.
A child with growth hormone (GH) deficiency is receiving GH therapy. When is the best time for the GH to be administered?
- A. At bedtime
- B. After meals
- C. Before meals
- D. After arising in morning
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administering GH at bedtime mimics the body?s natural nocturnal GH release, optimizing effectiveness. Timing after meals, before meals, or in the morning does not align with physiologic patterns.
Peripheral precocious puberty (PPP) differs from central precocious puberty (CPP) in which manner?
- A. PPP results from a central nervous system (CNS) insult.
- B. PPP occurs more frequently in girls.
- C. PPP may be viewed as a variation in sexual development.
- D. PPP results from hormonal stimulation of the hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gn-RH).
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: PPP, caused by non-hypothalamic hormone sources, may be considered a variation in sexual development. CPP stems from CNS-driven Gn-RH stimulation, is more common in girls, and isn?t a variation but a pathological early puberty.