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A child with sickle cell disease should avoid
- A. Cold environments
- B. Dehydration
- C. Stress
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All D trigger crises, per document p53, .
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A 3-year-old girl presents with recurrent ear infections and speech delay. Audiometry shows conductive hearing loss. Most likely diagnosis is:
- A. Sensorineural hearing loss
- B. Otitis media with effusion
- C. Cholesteatoma
- D. Mastoiditis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: OME causes conductive loss post-infections, per AAP. A, C-E differ.
When a parent asks the nurse to describe what is meant by a 'learning disability,' the nurse's most helpful response would be:
- A. It is characterized by inattention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity'
- B. A child may have difficulty with perception, language, comprehension, or memory'
- C. The child's intellectual ability limits his learning'
- D. The child has difficulty learning because of brain damage'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A learning disability (B) involves challenges in perception, language, or comprehension despite normal intelligence. A describes ADHD, C implies low IQ, and D suggests injury, not typical. Document: 'Children with learning disabilities may have… difficulties in perception, language, comprehension.'
A 3-year-old with a head injury should be monitored for
- A. Pupil response
- B. Breathing
- C. Consciousness
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All D assess head injury, per document p47, 0.
A 3-month-old infant presents with poor feeding and hypotonia. MRI shows periventricular leukomalacia. Most likely diagnosis is:
- A. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
- B. Congenital infection
- C. Metabolic disorder
- D. Trauma
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: HIE causes leukomalacia, per AAP. B-E differ.
Most common complication of untreated congenital adrenal hyperplasia is:
- A. Adrenal crisis
- B. Sexual infantilism
- C. Hirsutism
- D. Precocious puberty
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adrenal crisis is the most serious complication of untreated CAH due to cortisol deficiency, per AAP (doc p148, Q558).