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A client admitted to the health care facility for insomnia related to stress is prescribed a sedative. Which of the following would the nurse include in the plan of care to promote the effectiveness of the drug?
- A. Encourage plenty of fluids.
- B. Provide back rubs.
- C. Offer fiber-rich food.
- D. Give the client coffee or tea.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Back rubs are relaxing and help promote the effectiveness of the sedative. Fluids and fiber prevent constipation. Coffee and tea contain caffeine, which could interfere with the drug's effectiveness.
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A client is prescribed secobarbital. The nurse understands that the client is at increased risk of respiratory depression. The nurse plans to assess the client's respiratory status at which time?
- A. 5 to 10 minutes after drug administration
- B. 10 to 15 minutes after drug administration
- C. 30 to 60 minutes after drug administration
- D. Before drug administration
- E. 60 to 90 minutes after drug administration
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: The nurse carefully assesses respiratory function before administering a sedative, 30 to 60 minutes after administering the drug, and frequently thereafter.
A nurse would cautiously administer sedatives and hypnotics to clients with which of the following?
- A. Hepatic impairment
- B. Hypertension
- C. Renal impairment
- D. Mental health problems
- E. Habitual alcohol use
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: A nurse should use caution when administering sedatives and hypnotics to clients with hepatic or renal impairment, habitual alcohol use, and mental health problems and in clients who are lactating.
A nurse is preparing an in-service presentation about hypnotics. Which of the following would the nurse plan to include?
- A. Usually, given during the daytime hours
- B. Helpful in reducing anxiety
- C. Most likely administered at bedtime
- D. Exert a calming effect
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A hypnotic is a drug that induces drowsiness or sleep, meaning it allows the patient to fall asleep and stay asleep. Hypnotics are given at night or bedtime. A sedative is a drug that produces a relaxing, calming effect. Sedatives are usually given during daytime hours, and although they may make the patient drowsy, they usually do not produce sleep.
Which of the following are examples of supportive care the nurse can provide to a client receiving a sedative or hypnotic drug to promote the effects of the drug?
- A. Darkening the client's room
- B. Discouraging caffeine intake
- C. Providing a quiet atmosphere
- D. Administering back rubs
- E. Waking the client to check consciousness
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: To promote the effects of the sedative or hypnotic drug, the nurse can provide supportive care, such as giving back rubs, using night lights or making the room dark, providing a quiet atmosphere, and discouraging caffeine use.
A client asks the nurse about using valerian to help him sleep. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. The herb is generally considered safe.
- B. You need to take it about 4 hours before bedtime.
- C. It might take 2 to 4 weeks before you notice the full benefit.
- D. You can combine it with other calming herbs.
- E. If you stop using it, you won't have any withdrawal symptoms.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Valerian is classified as 'generally recognized as safe' (GRAS) for use in the United States. When used as an aid to sleep, valerian is taken approximately 1 hour before bedtime. It can be used in combination with other calming herbs, such as lemon balm or chamomile. It may take 2 to 4 weeks before the full therapeutic effect (i.e., improvement of mood and sleep patterns) occurs. Individuals have been known to experience withdrawal symptoms when they stop taking valerian abruptly.