Nokea
A client asks the nurse about the gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) procedure. Which of the following responses would be appropriate for the nurse to make?
- A. Fertilization takes place in the woman's body.
- B. Zygotes are placed in the fallopian tubes.
- C. Donor sperm are placed in a medium with donor eggs.
- D. A surrogate carries the infertile woman's fetus.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In GIFT, fertilization occurs in the woman's fallopian tubes after the gametes are placed there.
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The nurse is providing genetic counseling for an expectant couple who just found out that their child has Down syndrome. Which is the best way for the nurse to handle this?
- A. Be supportive by answering questions and clarifying information and options.
- B. Inform the parents that they should not tell anyone until they have made a decision concerning termination of the pregnancy.
- C. Refer the couple to another specialist for a second opinion.
- D. Tell the couple that there are a lot of parents who have children with Down syndrome and they all do fine.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the nurse should be supportive, answer questions, and clarify information and options to help the couple make informed decisions. This approach shows empathy and respect for the couple's autonomy.
Choice B is incorrect as it is not the nurse's role to dictate when the parents should disclose the information. Choice C is not the best option as the nurse should continue to provide support rather than immediately referring the couple for a second opinion. Choice D is incorrect because generalizing outcomes for all parents of children with Down syndrome may not be helpful or accurate for this specific couple.
Based on the karyotype shown below, which of the following conclusions can the nurse make about the female baby?
- A. She has a genetically normal karyotype.
- B. She has trisomy 21.
- C. She has fragile X syndrome.
- D. She has an autosomal monosomy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) is indicated by three copies of chromosome 21.
During fertility evaluation, a patient asks about tubal factor infertility. What should the nurse explain?
- A. It is caused by hormonal imbalances affecting the ovaries.
- B. It results from blockages or damage to the fallopian tubes.
- C. It is unrelated to previous infections or surgeries.
- D. It does not impact the chances of natural conception.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because tubal factor infertility is primarily due to blockages or damage in the fallopian tubes, which can prevent the egg from meeting the sperm for fertilization. Blockages can result from infections, surgeries, or conditions like endometriosis. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because hormonal imbalances affecting the ovaries, previous infections or surgeries, and impacts on natural conception are not the primary causes of tubal factor infertility.
A client is to receive Pergonal (menotropins) injections for infertility prior to in vitro fertilization. Which of the following is the expected action of this medication?
- A. Prolongation of the luteal phase.
- B. Stimulation of ovulation.
- C. Suppression of menstruation.
- D. Promotion of cervical mucus production.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pergonal stimulates ovulation by promoting the maturation and release of ova.
Cindy, a 36-year-old, has been prescribed Follistim AQ, a follitropin. What information should the nurse include in Cindy's education?
- A. Eggs or oocytes develop within ovarian follicles. The purpose of the medication is to stimulate development of ovarian follicles.
- B. Follistim is a manufactured form of FSH, a hormone released from the pituitary gland during the menstrual cycle.
- C. Rapid weight gain is typical during ovulation induction.
- D. Typical side effects include breast tenderness, changes in mood, and depression.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Cindy is prescribed Follistim AQ to stimulate the development of ovarian follicles, where eggs or oocytes develop. This medication helps in ovulation induction. The nurse should educate Cindy on the medication's purpose, how it works, and the importance of follicle development in the ovulation process.
Choice B is incorrect as Follistim is not a manufactured form of FSH but a specific form of follitropin.
Choice C is incorrect as rapid weight gain is not a typical side effect of ovulation induction with Follistim.
Choice D is incorrect as the typical side effects of Follistim include ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, abdominal pain, and bloating, not breast tenderness, changes in mood, or depression.