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A client at 10 weeks' gestation reports frequent nausea. What dietary recommendation should the nurse provide?
- A. Avoid eating salty snacks.
- B. Drink fluids between meals.
- C. Consume three large meals a day.
- D. Avoid eating protein-rich foods.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Drink fluids between meals. This recommendation helps manage nausea during pregnancy by preventing dehydration, which can worsen symptoms. Consuming fluids between meals also helps maintain hydration and prevents an empty stomach, which can trigger nausea. A: Avoiding salty snacks is not directly related to managing nausea. C: Consuming three large meals a day may worsen nausea due to overeating. D: Avoiding protein-rich foods is not recommended as they are important for fetal development and overall nutrition during pregnancy.
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A client at 20 weeks' gestation reports leg cramps. What recommendation should the nurse provide?
- A. Increase potassium intake.
- B. Stretch the legs before bed.
- C. Drink fluids during meals.
- D. Reduce physical activity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stretch the legs before bed. Leg cramps during pregnancy are common due to increased weight and pressure on blood vessels. Stretching before bed helps prevent cramps by improving circulation and muscle relaxation. Increasing potassium intake (choice A) can help with muscle function but is not the primary intervention for leg cramps. Drinking fluids during meals (choice C) is important for hydration but does not directly address leg cramps. Reducing physical activity (choice D) may worsen circulation and muscle cramps.
A nurse is teaching a client who is at 41 weeks of gestation about a non-stress test. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. "This test will confirm fetal lung maturity ".
- B. "This test will determine adequacy of placental perfusion".
- C. "This test will detect fetal infection".
- D. "This test will predict maternal readiness for labor".
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "This test will determine adequacy of placental perfusion." The non-stress test is used to assess fetal well-being by monitoring fetal heart rate in response to fetal movement. It helps determine if the placenta is providing enough oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. This information is crucial in assessing the overall health and viability of the fetus.
A: "This test will confirm fetal lung maturity" - This statement is incorrect because the non-stress test does not assess fetal lung maturity. That is usually done through tests like amniocentesis.
C: "This test will detect fetal infection" - This statement is incorrect because the non-stress test does not detect fetal infection. Other tests like amniocentesis or blood tests are used for this purpose.
D: "This test will predict maternal readiness for labor" - This statement is incorrect as the non-stress test focuses on fetal well-being and does not predict maternal readiness for labor.
A nurse is providing nutritional guidance to a client who is pregnant and follows a vegan diet. The client asks the nurse which foods she should eat to ensure adequate calcium intake. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following foods has the highest amount of calcium?
- A. ½ cup cubed avocado
- B. 1 large banana
- C. 1 medium potato
- D. 1 cup cooked broccoli
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 1 cup cooked broccoli. Broccoli is a good source of calcium, with approximately 70 mg per cup. This is higher than the other options provided. Avocado, banana, and potato are not significant sources of calcium compared to broccoli. Broccoli is a suitable choice for a pregnant vegan to ensure adequate calcium intake. It is important for the client to consume a variety of plant-based calcium-rich foods to meet their nutritional needs during pregnancy.
The nurse is assessing a client with suspected preterm labor. Which finding confirms the diagnosis?
- A. Regular uterine contractions every 10 minutes.
- B. Cervical dilation of 3 cm.
- C. Lower back pain and cramping.
- D. Positive fetal fibronectin test.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cervical dilation of 3 cm. This finding confirms preterm labor as it indicates cervical changes associated with labor progression. Regular uterine contractions every 10 minutes (choice A) may suggest labor but alone doesn't confirm preterm labor. Lower back pain and cramping (choice C) are common symptoms but not specific to preterm labor. A positive fetal fibronectin test (choice D) may indicate an increased risk of preterm labor but doesn't confirm the diagnosis definitively.
A postpartum client calls the pediatric clinic to report that her 4-day old female newborn has a spot of blood on her diaper. Which of the following statements made by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. Your newborn may have a urinary infection, continue to breastfeed frequently
- B. Your newborn has jaundice so it may need phototherapy
- C. This is a normal finding due to withdrawal of maternal hormones
- D. Your baby has an immature immune system, continue to breastfeed frequently
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the spot of blood on the diaper of a 4-day old female newborn is a normal finding due to the withdrawal of maternal hormones. During pregnancy, the baby is exposed to maternal hormones, and after birth, the sudden decrease in these hormones can cause a temporary withdrawal bleeding. This is known as pseudomenstruation and is common in newborn girls. It is important for the nurse to reassure the mother that this is a normal and harmless occurrence.
Choice A is incorrect because urinary infection is not typically the cause of blood on the diaper in a newborn. Choice B is incorrect because jaundice does not typically present with blood in the diaper. Choice D is incorrect because while breastfeeding is important for the baby's immune system, it is not directly related to the presence of blood on the diaper in this case.