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A client at 35 weeks' gestation reports sharp abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. What condition should the nurse suspect?
- A. Placenta previa.
- B. Abruptio placentae.
- C. Preterm labor.
- D. Chorioamnionitis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Abruptio placentae. This condition presents with sharp abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding, typically occurring in the third trimester. It is caused by the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall. The pain is often severe due to the bleeding and can lead to fetal distress. Placenta previa (A) presents with painless vaginal bleeding, preterm labor (C) typically involves regular contractions and cervical changes, and chorioamnionitis (D) is characterized by fever and uterine tenderness.
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What statement by a health-care provider is an example of shared decision making between a health-care provider and a patient?
- A. I'm going to start this medication because it is best for your baby.
- B. Can you agree with me because I am your health-care provider?â€
- C. I understand how the hospital works, and it will be easier for you to just do what is easy for the nurses.â€
- D. Do you feel ready to make a decision after we talked about this medication?â€
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it involves the patient in the decision-making process by asking for their readiness to make a decision after discussing the medication. This approach respects the patient's autonomy and encourages them to actively participate in their healthcare choices.
A is incorrect as it does not involve the patient in the decision-making process but rather imposes the provider's choice. B is incorrect as it uses authority to influence the patient's decision, which is not in line with shared decision making. C is incorrect as it focuses on convenience rather than involving the patient in the decision-making process.
What are signs of neonatal sepsis that a nurse should monitor for?
- A. Tachypnea, poor feeding, and temperature instability
- B. Increased alertness, reduced crying, and stable vitals
- C. Lethargy, poor perfusion, and apnea
- D. Hyperthermia, bradycardia, and cyanosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because lethargy, poor perfusion, and apnea are classic signs of neonatal sepsis. Lethargy indicates decreased activity and responsiveness, poor perfusion suggests inadequate blood circulation, and apnea is a serious respiratory issue. These signs indicate a systemic infection affecting multiple organs. Choices A, B, and D do not align with typical symptoms of neonatal sepsis. Tachypnea, poor feeding, and temperature instability (Choice A) are more general and can be seen in various conditions. Increased alertness, reduced crying, and stable vitals (Choice B) are not indicative of sepsis, as sepsis typically causes the opposite. Hyperthermia, bradycardia, and cyanosis (Choice D) can be present in sepsis, but they are not as specific or as common as the signs in Choice C.
The nurse provides education regarding male sterilization. What important information is provided?
- A. “Many people have vasectomies reversed.â€
- B. “You will need to return to the office to check for sperm in your ejaculate.â€
- C. “You will be sterile after 3 months.â€
- D. “Vasectomy consent forms must have both partners’ consent.â€
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "You will need to return to the office to check for sperm in your ejaculate." This information is crucial as it ensures the success of the sterilization procedure. By checking for sperm in the ejaculate, the effectiveness of the vasectomy can be confirmed. This step is important to ensure that the individual is indeed sterile and can rely on the procedure for contraception.
Choice A is incorrect because vasectomy reversal is not always successful and should not be assumed. Choice C is incorrect as sterility is not immediate and may take several months after the procedure. Choice D is incorrect as consent forms for vasectomy typically require only the individual undergoing the procedure to give consent.
In summary, choice B is correct because it emphasizes the need for follow-up to confirm sterility, while the other choices provide incorrect or irrelevant information regarding male sterilization.
What question during a family assessment could the nurse ask to determine if the family has necessary resources?
- A. Do you enjoy spending time with your family?
- B. Do you have a group of friends, neighbors, or a church that helps you when you are ill?
- C. How often do you go to the store by yourself?
- D. Do your family members get along well?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Do you have a group of friends, neighbors, or a church that helps you when you are ill?" This question assesses the family's support network and resources in times of need. It helps determine if the family has a social support system that can provide assistance during challenging situations. Options A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly address the availability of external resources for the family's well-being. Option A focuses on emotional aspects, C on independence, and D on family dynamics, which are not directly related to assessing resources.
What should health-care providers be attentive to during the trauma-informed gynecologic examination to avoid retraumatization? Select all that apply.
- A. providing information about trauma support resources
- B. establishing safety and trust
- C. recognizing signs of distress and offering support
- D. using trauma-sensitive language and communication
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: The correct answer is B, C, and D.
B: Establishing safety and trust is crucial to avoid retraumatization during the examination. It helps create a secure environment for the patient.
C: Recognizing signs of distress and offering support shows empathy and helps address any emotional reactions that may arise during the examination.
D: Using trauma-sensitive language and communication is essential to avoid triggering past traumas and ensuring clear and respectful communication.
Choices A is incorrect because while providing information about trauma support resources is important, it is not directly related to avoiding retraumatization during the examination.