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A client has been advised to perform weight-bearing exercises to help minimize osteoporosis. The client admits to not doing the prescribed exercises. What action by the nurse is best?
- A. Ask the client about fear of falling
- B. Encourage more calcium intake
- C. Suggest alternative exercises
- D. Teach about weight-lifting techniques
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fear of falling can deter clients from performing weight-bearing exercises. Assessing this fear is the first step to address barriers to compliance. Calcium intake, alternative exercises, or weight-lifting techniques may be relevant but are secondary to understanding the client's reluctance.
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A client with osteoporosis is going home, where the client lives alone. What action by the nurse is best?
- A. Arrange a home safety evaluation
- B. Ensure the client has a walker at home
- C. Schedule daily nursing visits
- D. Refer the client to a support group
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A home safety evaluation is critical for a client with osteoporosis living alone to reduce fall risks, which can lead to fractures. A walker may not be necessary without assessment, daily visits are excessive, and a support group is secondary to safety.
A nurse is providing education to a community women's group about lifestyle changes helpful in preventing osteoporosis. What topics does the nurse cover? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Cut down on tobacco product use
- B. Limit intake of alcohol
- C. Strengthening exercises are important
- D. Take recommended calcium and vitamin D
- E. Walk 30 minutes at least 3 times a week
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Strengthening and weight-bearing exercises (like walking 30 minutes 3 times a week) and adequate calcium and vitamin D intake help prevent osteoporosis. Tobacco should be avoided entirely, and women should limit alcohol to one drink per day.
A client has a bone density score of 2.8. What action by the nurse is best?
- A. Asking the client to keep a food diary
- B. Planning to teach about bisphosphonates
- C. Scheduling another scan in 2 years
- D. Scheduling another scan in 2 months
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A T-score of 2.5 or lower indicates osteoporosis. The nurse should plan to teach about medications used to treat this disease, such as bisphosphonates. A food diary may help assess calcium and vitamin D intake, but dietary changes alone are insufficient at this stage. Scheduling another scan does not address immediate treatment needs.
An older client with diabetes is admitted with a heavily draining leg wound. The client's white blood cell count is 38,000/mm³ but the client is afebrile. What action does the nurse take first?
- A. Administer acetaminophen (Tylenol)
- B. Place the client on contact isolation
- C. Refer the client to the wound care nurse
- D. Obtain wound cultures
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A heavily draining wound suggests potential infection, and the elevated white blood cell count supports this. Placing the client on contact isolation is the priority to prevent the spread of infection. Acetaminophen is unnecessary without fever, wound cultures follow isolation, and referral to a wound care nurse is secondary.
The nurse studying osteoporosis learns that which drugs can cause this disorder? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Corticosteroids
- B. Anticonvulsants
- C. Loop diuretics
- D. Proton pump inhibitors
- E. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Corticosteroids, anticonvulsants, proton pump inhibitors, and SSRIs are associated with bone loss and osteoporosis risk. Antibiotics are not typically linked to this condition.