Nokea
A client has developed drug-induced hepatitis from a drug reaction to antidepressants. What treatment does the nurse anticipate the client will receive to treat the reaction?
- A. Paracentesis
- B. Liver transplantation
- C. High-dose corticosteroids
- D. Azathioprine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drug-induced hepatitis occurs when a drug reaction damages the liver. This form of hepatitis can be severe and fatal. High-dose corticosteroids usually administered first to treat the reaction. Liver transplantation may be necessary. Paracentesis should be used to withdraw fluid for the treatment of ascites. Azathioprine (Imuran) may be used for autoimmune hepatitis.
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The nurse is assisting the physician with a procedure to remove ascitic fluid from a client with cirrhosis. What procedure does the nurse ensure the client understands will be performed?
- A. Thoracentesis
- B. Abdominal paracentesis
- C. Abdominal CT scan
- D. Upper endoscopy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Abdominal paracentesis may be performed to remove ascitic fluid. Abdominal fluid is rapidly removed by careful introduction of a needle through the abdominal wall, allowing the fluid to drain. Fluid is removed from the lung via a thoracentesis. Fluid cannot be removed with an abdominal CT scan, but the scan can assist with placement of the needle. Fluid cannot be removed via an upper endoscopy.
A client is suspected of having cirrhosis of the liver. What diagnostic procedure will the nurse prepare the client for in order to obtain a confirmed diagnosis?
- A. A liver biopsy
- B. A CT scan
- C. A prothrombin time
- D. Platelet count
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A liver biopsy, which reveals hepatic fibrosis, is the most conclusive diagnostic procedure. It can be performed in the radiology department with ultrasound or CT to identify appropriate placement of the trocar or biopsy needle. A prothrombin time and platelet count will assist with determining if the client is at increased risk for bleeding.
A nurse is preparing a presentation for a local community group about hepatitis. Which information would the nurse include?
- A. Hepatitis B is transmitted primarily by the oral-fecal route.
- B. Hepatitis A is frequently spread by sexual contact.
- C. Hepatitis C increases a person's risk for liver cancer.
- D. Infection with hepatitis G is similar to hepatitis A.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Infection with hepatitis C increases the risk of a person developing hepatic (liver) cancer. Hepatitis A is transmitted primarily by the oral-fecal route, hepatitis B is frequently spread by sexual contact and infected blood. Hepatitis E is similar to hepatitis A whereas hepatitis G is similar to hepatitis C.
A client with hepatitis who has not responded to medical treatment is scheduled for a liver transplant. Which most likely would be ordered?
- A. Chenodiol
- B. Ursodiol
- C. Tacrolimus
- D. Interfereron alfa-2b, recombinant
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In preparation for a liver transplant, a client receives immunosuppressants to reduce the risk for organ rejection. Tacrolimus and cyclosporine are two immunosuppressants that may be used. Chenodiol and ursodiol are agents used to dissolve gallstones. Recombinant interferon alfa-2b is used to treat chronic hepatitis B, C, and D to force the virus into remission.
The nurse is caring for a client with chronic pancreatitis. Which symptom would indicate the client has developed secondary diabetes?
- A. Increased appetite and thirst
- B. Vomiting and diarrhea
- C. Low blood pressure and pulse
- D. Decreased urination and constipation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When secondary diabetes develops in a client with chronic pancreatitis, the client experiences increased appetite, thirst, and urination. Vomiting, diarrhea, low blood pressure and pulse, and constipation do not indicate the development of secondary diabetes.