Nokea
A client has had multiple sclerosis (MS) for 15 years and has received various drug therapies. What is the primary reason why the nurse has found it difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of the drugs that the client has used?
- A. The client exhibits intolerance to many drugs
- B. The client experiences spontaneous remissions from time to time
- C. The client requires multiple drugs simultaneously
- D. The client endures long periods of exacerbation before the illness responds to a particular drug
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: MS is characterized by periods of relapse and remission, making it difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of drug therapies due to spontaneous improvements.
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A nerve fiber obeys an all-or-none law insofar as it either fires or does not fire depending on whether the stimulus is above a threshold.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
The nurse is preparing to discharge a patient with chronic low back pain. Which statement by the patient indicates that additional teaching is necessary?
- A. I will avoid exercise because the pain gets worse.
- B. I will use heat or ice to help control the pain.
- C. I will not wear high-heeled shoes at home or work.
- D. I will purchase a firm mattress to replace my old one.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding exercise can lead to muscle weakness and worsening of back pain; exercise is often recommended as part of the treatment plan.
One indication that a paraplegic patient is beginning to accept his disability would be that he
- A. sits and looks out the window
- B. practices push-up exercises
- C. discusses his preinjury state
- D. drinks plenty of milk
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Engaging in physical activities indicates acceptance and adaptation.
The clinical diagnosis of parkinsonism is based on the presence of bradykinesia and at least one of three other features: muscular rigidity, resting tremor, and:
- A. Dystonia
- B. Nystagmus
- C. Postural instability
- D. Seizures
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Postural instability is a key feature of parkinsonism, along with bradykinesia, rigidity, and resting tremor. It contributes to the risk of falls and mobility issues.
The patient has had RA for some time but has not had success with previous medications. Although there is an increased risk for tuberculosis, which monoclonal antibody is used with methotrexate to best treat symptoms?
- A. Parenteral gold
- B. Certolizumab (Cimzia)
- C. Tocilizumab (Actemra)
- D. Hydroxychloroquine (Paquenil)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tocilizumab targets IL-6 receptors.