Nokea
A client is admitted to the hospital for a hemorrhoidectomy. Postoperatively, which of the following would a client's nurse be most concerned about?
- A. Pain at the incision site
- B. White blood count of 6.5
- C. Client's refusal of a stool softener
- D. Excessive bloody drainage on the external gauze dressing
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because excessive bloody drainage on the external gauze dressing could indicate hemorrhage, a serious complication post-hemorrhoidectomy. This requires immediate medical attention to prevent further complications.
A: Pain at the incision site is expected postoperatively and can be managed with pain medication.
B: A white blood count of 6.5 is within the normal range and not a cause for concern.
C: Client's refusal of a stool softener is important for bowel movement management but is not the most immediate concern compared to excessive bloody drainage.
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The three pairs of extrinsic salivary glands are:
- A. parotid sublingual and ethmoidal
- B. Parotid buccal and submaxillary
- C. Parotid sub mandibular and buccal
- D. Parotid Submandibular and sublingual
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the extrinsic salivary glands are the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. The parotid gland is located near the ear, the submandibular gland is under the mandible, and the sublingual gland is under the tongue.
A is incorrect because the ethmoidal gland is not an extrinsic salivary gland. B is incorrect because the buccal gland is not an extrinsic salivary gland. C is incorrect because the buccal gland is not an extrinsic salivary gland; it is a minor salivary gland located in the cheek.
A tumor producing large amounts of the intestinal hormone GIP may result in:
- A. Hyperglycemia
- B. Hypoglycemia
- C. Diarrhea
- D. Intestinal colic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hyperglycemia. GIP (gastric inhibitory polypeptide) is released in response to food intake to stimulate insulin release and inhibit glucagon secretion, leading to reduced blood glucose levels. Excessive GIP production from a tumor can result in excessive insulin release, causing hypoglycemia. This is why the correct answer is hyperglycemia. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the physiological effects of GIP.
The nurse monitors the laboratory results of the patient with protein-calorie malnutrition during treatment. Which result is an indication of improvement in the patient's condition?
- A. Decreased lymphocytes
- B. Increased serum transferrin
- C. Increased serum potassium
- D. Decreased serum prealbumin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because an increase in serum transferrin levels indicates improvement in protein-calorie malnutrition as transferrin is a protein that binds and transports iron, which is essential for various body functions. When protein intake increases, transferrin levels also increase to support iron transport.
A: Decreased lymphocytes do not directly reflect improvement in protein-calorie malnutrition.
C: Increased serum potassium is not specific to improvement in protein-calorie malnutrition.
D: Decreased serum prealbumin levels indicate ongoing malnutrition, not improvement.
A patient has been receiving high doses of corticosteroids for an extended perioWhich side effect is most commonly seen in patients receiving long-term corticosteroid therapy?
- A. Hyperglycemia
- B. Bradycardia
- C. Diarrhea
- D. Decreased appetite
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hyperglycemia. Long-term corticosteroid therapy can lead to insulin resistance and increased blood glucose levels. This occurs due to the corticosteroids interfering with insulin action and glucose metabolism. Hyperglycemia is a common side effect that can potentially lead to diabetes. Bradycardia (B), diarrhea (C), and decreased appetite (D) are not commonly associated with long-term corticosteroid therapy. Bradycardia is more commonly associated with medications such as beta-blockers, while diarrhea and decreased appetite are not typical side effects of corticosteroids.
At which relative exercise intensity would you expect to utilize the most intramuscular triglycerides?
- A. 25% VO2 max (i.e. 25% of aerobic capacity)
- B. 65% VO2 max
- C. 85% VO2 max
- D. 150% VO2 max
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (65% VO2 max) because at this intensity, the body primarily uses a combination of fats and carbohydrates for energy production. Intramuscular triglycerides are a source of fat utilized during moderate-intensity exercise. At 25% VO2 max (choice A), the body predominantly uses carbohydrates, while at 85% VO2 max (choice C) and 150% VO2 max (choice D), the reliance shifts towards carbohydrates due to the higher intensity levels. Therefore, option B is the most suitable intensity for utilizing intramuscular triglycerides efficiently.