Nokea
A client is being discharged with a prescription for furosemide. Which of the following instructions should be included?
- A. Avoid foods high in potassium.
- B. Monitor your weight daily.
- C. Take the medication with food.
- D. Change positions slowly.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct instruction to include for a client being discharged with a prescription for furosemide is to 'Change positions slowly.' Furosemide, a diuretic, can cause dizziness and orthostatic hypotension, increasing the risk of falls. By advising the client to change positions slowly, the body can adjust to postural changes gradually, reducing the likelihood of falls and related injuries.
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A client has a pressure ulcer. Which of the following findings indicates healing of the ulcer?
- A. Increase in drainage.
- B. Decrease in size.
- C. Presence of foul odor.
- D. Reddened wound edges.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a pressure ulcer is healing, there is a decrease in its size as the tissue repair progresses. This reduction in size is a positive indication of the healing process. An increase in drainage, presence of foul odor, or reddened wound edges are typically signs of infection or lack of improvement. Therefore, the correct answer is a decrease in size.
Following a total hip arthroplasty, what intervention should the healthcare provider implement for the client?
- A. Place a pillow between the client's legs.
- B. Elevate the head of the bed to 45 degrees.
- C. Position the client on the operative side.
- D. Keep the client's legs adducted.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Placing a pillow between the client's legs is crucial post hip arthroplasty surgery to prevent hip dislocation. This intervention helps maintain proper alignment and prevents legs from crossing midline, reducing the risk of hip prosthesis dislocation. Elevating the head of the bed to 45 degrees, positioning the client on the operative side, or keeping the client's legs adducted are not recommended postoperative interventions for a total hip arthroplasty, as they can increase the risk of complications and compromise the surgical site.
A healthcare professional is preparing to insert an IV catheter for an older adult client. Which of the following actions should the professional take?
- A. Shave the hair at the insertion site.
- B. Insert the catheter at a 45-degree angle.
- C. Place the client's arm in a dependent position.
- D. Use a tourniquet to dilate the veins.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Placing the client's arm in a dependent position is the correct action when preparing to insert an IV catheter in an older adult client. This position helps dilate the veins naturally by using gravity, making it easier to locate and access suitable veins for the IV catheter insertion. By positioning the arm in a dependent position, the healthcare professional can take advantage of gravity to increase venous distention, aiding in successful IV catheter insertion.
When assessing a client with chronic pain, which of the following is the most reliable indicator of the client's pain?
- A. The client's vital signs.
- B. The client's self-report of pain.
- C. The client's body language.
- D. The client's medical history.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client's self-report of pain is the most reliable indicator of pain. Pain is a subjective experience, and the client's self-report provides direct insight into their perception of pain intensity, quality, and impact on daily life. Vital signs, body language, and medical history can offer additional information but may not accurately reflect the client's actual pain experience. Therefore, relying on the client's self-report ensures a more accurate assessment of their pain and helps in tailoring appropriate interventions and treatment plans.
A healthcare provider is assessing a client who has anemia. Which of the following findings should the healthcare provider expect?
- A. Bradycardia.
- B. Pallor.
- C. Hypertension.
- D. Jaundice.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pallor is a common finding in clients with anemia due to decreased hemoglobin levels. Anemia leads to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood, resulting in pale skin and mucous membranes, which is known as pallor. Bradycardia, hypertension, and jaundice are typically not associated with anemia.