Nokea
A client is being taught about foods to include in a low-fiber diet. Which statement indicates the client understands the teaching?
- A. "A fresh pear would be a good snack option."?
- B. "I can prepare refried beans for supper."?
- C. "Bran cereal would be a good breakfast choice."?
- D. "I should choose white rice as a side dish."?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is "I should choose white rice as a side dish." In a low-fiber diet, foods that are low in fiber are recommended to reduce gastrointestinal irritation. White rice is a low-fiber option suitable for this diet. Choices A, B, and C are high-fiber options and not suitable for a low-fiber diet. A fresh pear, refried beans, and bran cereal are all high in fiber, which should be avoided in a low-fiber diet.
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A nurse at a health fair is assessing the weight status of four clients. Which of the following clients is classified as overweight?
- A. A female client who has a body mass index of 24
- B. A male client who has a body mass index of 29
- C. A female client who has a waist circumference of 101.6 cm (40 in)
- D. A male client who has a waist circumference of 96.52 cm (38 in)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A body mass index (BMI) of 25 or higher is classified as overweight. Choice B, a male client with a BMI of 29, falls into the overweight category. Choice A, a female client with a BMI of 24, is within the normal range. Choices C and D provide information on waist circumference, which is not sufficient to determine if a client is overweight or not, as waist circumference alone does not provide the overall picture of weight status compared to BMI.
A healthcare professional is preparing an education program for a group of parents of adolescents. Which of the following should be included as indicators of nutritional risk among adolescents? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Skipping more than three meals per week
- B. Eating fast food once weekly
- C. Eating without family supervision frequently
- D. Frequently skipping breakfast
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Among the indicators of nutritional risk among adolescents, skipping meals, eating without family supervision, and frequently skipping breakfast are commonly associated with poor nutrition. However, eating fast food once weekly may not necessarily indicate a significant nutritional risk, as occasional consumption of fast food in moderation is not uncommon among adolescents. This choice is the correct answer because it does not strongly correlate with nutritional risk compared to the other options provided.
A client with Crohn's disease is being cared for by a nurse. Which of the following food choices aligns with the recommended diet for clients with Crohn's disease?
- A. Vanilla milkshake
- B. Buttered popcorn
- C. Tossed green salad
- D. Toast with jelly
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is a 'Tossed green salad.' Clients with Crohn's disease often benefit from a low-residue diet, which includes easily digestible foods like leafy green vegetables found in a tossed green salad. This type of diet helps minimize gastrointestinal symptoms. Choices A, B, and D are not ideal for clients with Crohn's disease. Vanilla milkshake, buttered popcorn, and toast with jelly may exacerbate symptoms due to their high fat, fiber, or sugar content, which can be harder to digest.
A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following lab values indicates the treatment is effective?
- A. Hct 43%
- B. WBC 8,000/uL
- C. Albumin 4.2 g/dL
- D. Calcium 9.4 mg/dL
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is Albumin 4.2 g/dL. Albumin is a protein produced by the liver and is a key indicator of nutritional status. In a client receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN), an increase in albumin level indicates that the treatment is effective in providing adequate nutrition support. Hct (hematocrit), WBC (white blood cell count), and calcium levels are not direct indicators of the effectiveness of TPN in this context.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has acute pancreatitis and has a prescription for fat-soluble vitamin supplements. The nurse should instruct the client to take a supplement for which of the following?
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Vitamin B1
- C. Vitamin C
- D. Vitamin B12
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In acute pancreatitis, malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins can occur due to pancreatic enzyme insufficiency. Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that may need supplementation in this case. Vitamin B1 (thiamine), Vitamin C, and Vitamin B12 are water-soluble vitamins and are not typically affected by pancreatic enzyme insufficiency in acute pancreatitis. Therefore, the correct supplement for the client with acute pancreatitis is Vitamin A.