Pediatric Research Questions

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A client is being treated for acute pyelonephritis and will undergo laboratory tests. These tests are expected to help determine the clients BUN, creatinine, and serum electrolyte levels. Why should the nurse evaluate these test results?

  • A. To determine the severity of the disorder
  • B. To identify signs of fluid retention
  • C. To determine the location of discomfort
  • D. To determine clients response to therapy
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Evaluating the client's BUN, creatinine, and serum electrolyte levels when being treated for acute pyelonephritis is crucial in determining the severity of the disorder. BUN and creatinine levels are indicators of renal function, where elevated levels may suggest impaired kidney function due to inflammation in the kidneys from pyelonephritis. Abnormal electrolyte levels, such as potassium and sodium, may also reflect the impact of the infection on renal function. Therefore, monitoring these test results helps healthcare providers assess how well the kidneys are functioning and the severity of the pyelonephritis to guide appropriate treatment decisions.

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A patient is being given Digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the ff. is a usual adult daily dosage of digoxin (Lanoxin)?

  • A. 0.005 mg
  • B. 0.025 mg
  • C. 0.25 mg
  • D. 2.5 mg
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The usual adult daily dosage of digoxin (Lanoxin) for the treatment of heart failure typically ranges from 0.125 mg to 0.25 mg. The maintenance dose is specific to each individual patient's needs and is adjusted based on factors such as age, weight, renal function, and the presence of other medical conditions. The dosage prescribed should be carefully determined by a healthcare provider to ensure optimal therapeutic effects and minimize the risk of side effects associated with digoxin. Dosages higher than 0.25 mg are usually not recommended due to the narrow therapeutic index of digoxin. It is essential for patients taking digoxin to have their drug levels monitored regularly to prevent toxicity.

Which of the ff diets does the nurse recommend for clients with hypertension under the physicians guidance?

  • A. The Food Guide Pyramid
  • B. The South Beach Diet
  • C. The Step One Diet
  • D. The Dash diet
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is recommended by healthcare professionals, including nurses, for clients with hypertension. This diet emphasizes consuming fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and low-fat dairy products while limiting sodium, saturated fats, and cholesterol. These dietary components are known to help lower blood pressure and improve overall health. The DASH diet has been proven effective in numerous studies and is endorsed by organizations like the American Heart Association for managing hypertension. It is important for clients to follow the DASH diet under the guidance of a physician to ensure it is tailored to their individual needs and health status.

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends the use of validated standardized developmental screening tools at three of the health maintenance visits, these are at

  • A. 2 months, 6 months, and 12 months
  • B. 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months
  • C. 9 months, 18 months, and 30 months
  • D. 12 months, 18 months, and 24 months
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Developmental screenings are recommended at 9, 18, and 30 months.

An adolescent patient, who has pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), inquires about the effects of the disease on their ability to bear children. What is the pediatric nurse's best response?

  • A. The occurrence of spontaneous abortion during pregnancy increases with PID.
  • B. There is an increased risk for ectopic pregnancy or infertility.
  • C. There is an increased risk of placenta previa.
  • D. There should be no problems with your ability to conceive.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: PID can lead to scarring of the fallopian tubes, increasing the risk of ectopic pregnancy or infertility.

By the age of 7 months, the infant is able to do all the following EXCEPT

  • A. transfer object from hand to hand
  • B. actively bounces
  • C. uses radial palm grasp
  • D. cruises
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Cruising typically occurs later, around 9-10 months.

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