Nokea
A client is in treatment for an allergic disorder. What might the treatment be?
- A. Autoimmune therapy
- B. Hypersensitive therapy
- C. Desensitization therapy
- D. Drug therapy for symptoms
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Besides avoiding the allergen if possible, many clients experience symptomatic relief with drug therapy. It is not likely the client would be in autoimmune, hypersensitive, or desensitization therapy for an allergic disorder.
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A client presents to the clinic with reports of itching and hives after taking an aspirin this morning. What medication does the nurse anticipate administering that blocks histamine receptors?
- A. Diphenhydramine
- B. Flunisolide
- C. Beclomethasone dipropionate
- D. Pseudoephedrine hydrochloride
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine used for allergic reactions. Flunisolide is a nasal decongestant agent and is used locally to the nasal mucosa. Beclomethasone dipropionate is a nasal steroid spray and inhalant. Pseudoephedrine hydrochloride only constricts nasal membranes.
The nurse is instructing a client with chronic fatigue syndrome about what type of dietary sources are the best to eat to supply eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). What statement by the client demonstrates the instruction is understood?
- A. I will eat shrimp at least twice a week.'
- B. I love crab cakes and will be sure to make them once a week.'
- C. Fresh salmon is one of my favorites, and I will eat it twice a week.'
- D. Lobster is expensive, but I will eat it once a week.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fish oils provide the only dietary source of EPA. Fatty fish, such as mackerel, sardines, herring, salmon, and tuna, are the best sources. Shellfish, such as shrimp, crab, and lobsters do not offer the dietary source of EPA that is required.
A client is taking a corticosteroid for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. When the nurse is providing instructions about the medication to the client, what priority information should be included?
- A. If the client experiences nausea, omit the dose.
- B. The client should be alert for joint aches.
- C. This medication is commonly used for many inflammatory reactions and is relatively safe.
- D. Be alert for signs and symptoms of infection and report them immediately to the physician.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Instruct the client about signs and symptoms of and the increased risk for infection. Instruct the client to report signs and symptoms of infection immediately to the physician. Early treatment promotes a shorter duration of illness and reduced complication. Tell the client to avoid high-risk activities, such as being in crowds, during periods of immunosuppression. The client should not omit a dose if nausea is experienced but instead may take the medication with food. There are many side effects and required laboratory work to detect the side effects from immunosuppressive therapy. Joint aches are vague symptoms and are not a priority for reporting purposes.
A client with rheumatoid arthritis expresses not feeling the need to take medication any longer since being in remission without symptoms. What is the best response by the nurse?
- A. If you don't take your medication, you will become very ill.'
- B. Be sure to let the physician know after you stop your medications.'
- C. It is important that you continue to take your medication to avoid an acute exacerbation.'
- D. As long as you are not having symptoms, you can take a medication vacation.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Even with remission, most people must continue taking prescribed medications to avoid another acute exacerbation. The client should be encouraged to maintain the therapeutic regimen in order to avoid an exacerbation and prolong the period of remission as long as possible. The client should notify the physician if considering discontinuation of the medication. The nurse is not at liberty to allow the client to discontinue medication use. Stating that discontinuing the medication will cause the client to become ill does not provide an adequate explanation to the client.
The nurse has four clients who are scheduled to see the physician for 'fatigue' and other general symptom complaints. Which client does the nurse determine is at most risk for having chronic fatigue syndrome?
- A. Male of Hispanic descent, age 28 years
- B. Female of Caucasian descent, age 47 years
- C. Female of African descent, age 42 years
- D. Female of Chinese descent, age 18 years
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Estimates are that as many as 4 million people in the United States have symptoms corresponding with chronic fatigue syndrome, but fewer than 80% have been diagnosed by a medical provider. Most clients who seek treatment for their symptoms are Caucasian women 40 to 59 years of age. CFS also occurs at lower rates among children, adolescents, and men.