Nokea
A client is prescribed an antitussive for home use. Which of the following should a nurse include in the client's teaching plan? Select all that apply.
- A. Decreasing fluid intake during treatment with an antitussive
- B. Encouraging the use of sedatives during treatment
- C. Drinking fluids at least 30 minutes after taking a lozenge form
- D. Swallowing oral antitussive capsules whole
- E. Avoiding respiratory irritants during antitussive treatment
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: A client's antitussive teaching plan should include the following instructions, do not exceed recommended dose; avoid respiratory irritants; drink plenty of fluids if not contraindicated; swallow oral capsules whole; avoid drinking fluids for 30 minutes after taking a lozenge; do not use alcohol or other CNS depressants while being treated with antitussives; and contact the physician if cough is not relieved or becomes worse or is accompanied by chills, fever, chest pain, or sputum production.
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A 21-year-old client complains of a mild stinging sensation on using a nasal spray decongestant. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. You need to stop the medication immediately.
- B. The dose is probably too strong and needs to be reduced.
- C. This sensation is common and usually disappears with continued use.
- D. We better contact your primary health care provider right away.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse needs to assure the client that the mild stinging sensation usually disappears with continued use. The drug needs to be stopped only if the stinging sensation is severe. The dose of the medication does not need to be altered. The primary health care provider does not need to be consulted immediately in the presence of a mild stinging sensation.
A client suffers from motion sickness. Which of the following would the nurse anticipate the primary health care provider to prescribe? Select all that apply.
- A. Promethazine (Phenergan)
- B. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- C. Levocetirizine (Xyzal)
- D. Azelastine (Astelin)
- E. Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Both promethazine and diphenhydramine can be used in the treatment of motion sickness. None of the other drugs listed would be appropriate.
Before administering an antitussive to a client, which of the following would the nurse assess? Select all that apply.
- A. Temperature
- B. Sputum presence
- C. Type of cough
- D. Bowel sounds
- E. Heart sounds
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Vital signs, type of cough, presence of sputum, color and amount of sputum, home remedies used, and actions taken should be assessed prior to initiation of an antitussive. Bowel and heart sounds are not part of the preadministration assessment.
A nurse is assigned to care for a client with bronchial irritation. The client is prescribed diphenhydramine. Before administering the drug, which of the following would the nurse do?
- A. Document color and amount of any sputum present.
- B. Record the previous prescriptions.
- C. Take vital signs every 4 hours.
- D. Assess the client's cardiovascular status.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Before drug administration, the nurse should document the color and amount of any sputum present. The nurse need not record the previous prescriptions; however, the nurse should determine if any drugs the client uses would potentially interact with diphenhydramine. The nurse needs to take the client's vital signs, but not every 4 hours. The nurse needs to assess the respiratory status of the client before administering mucolytics and expectorants, but not before administering diphenhydramine HCl. Assessing the client's cardiovascular status is not necessary.
A client with vasomotor rhinitis has been prescribed an antihistamine. The client is eager to know whether the prescribed antihistamine may cause excessive sedation. Which antihistamine would the nurse identify as having very little sedative effect?
- A. Brompheniramine
- B. Clemastine
- C. Chlorpheniramine
- D. Azelastine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should assure the client that azelastine has very little sedative effect; it is a second-generation antihistamine with little effect on central nervous system (CNS) depression. Brompheniramine, clemastine, and chlorpheniramine are first-generation antihistamines. Sedation is seen more often with first-generation antihistamines.