Nokea
A client is seeing the physician at the clinic and tells the nurse he is fatigued and short of breath with minimal exertion. What lab study may reflect a decrease in transport of oxygen?
- A. Erythrocyte count
- B. Leukocyte count
- C. Platelet count
- D. Albumin level
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erythrocytes function is to transport oxygen. Leukocytes protect against infection. Platelets participate in clotting blood, and albumin affects intravascular osmotic pressure.
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A client is taking a medication that has the side effect of depressing the hematopoietic system. What signs of leukopenia should the nurse monitor for while the client is taking this drug?
- A. Fever, sore throat, and chills
- B. Nausea and vomiting
- C. Diarrhea, diaphoresis, and fever
- D. Intolerance to heat and rash
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Closely monitor clients taking medications that depress the hematopoietic system, particularly thrombocytes and leukocytes. Signs of leukopenia include fever, sore throat, and chills. Nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, diaphoresis, heat intolerance, and rash are not indicative of leukocytosis.
A client is admitted to the emergency department with significant blood loss. The physician prescribes 2 units of packed red blood cells to be transfused immediately. Which blood groups would be compatible with his O Rh-positive blood group?
- A. O Rh-positive or O Rh-negative
- B. Only O Rh-positive
- C. Only O Rh-negative
- D. AB Rh-positive or Rh-negative
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: People with Rh-positive blood can receive Rh-positive or Rh-negative blood because a negative Rh indicates a missing Rh factor. Antibodies, immunoglobulins in plasma that inactivate any substance that is non-self, react with incompatible red blood cell antigens. Therefore, people with type O blood are universal donors because they do not have antigens on the red cell membrane. Therefore, the client can be transfused with either O Rh-positive or O Rh-negative blood.
A student nurse is having difficulty understanding the function of globulins. What information can the client provide to the student regarding the function of globulins?
- A. Immunologic agents
- B. Destruction of invading organisms
- C. Precursors to clot formation
- D. Transport of oxygen to the tissues
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Globulins function primarily as immunologic agents; they prevent or modify some types of infectious diseases. Globulins do not destroy invading organisms, participate in clot formation, or transport oxygen to the tissues.
The nurse is inspecting the tonsils for a client with a fever and sore throat. The nurse observes purulent exudate on the surface of the tonsils. What does this finding indicate to the nurse?
- A. Filariasis
- B. Thrush
- C. An abscess
- D. Tonsillitis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Purulent exudate on the surface of the tonsils suggests tonsillitis. Filariasis is also known as elephantiasis and is a consequence of a roundworm infection in which the lymphatic vessels become occluded. An abscess would not have purulent drainage on the surface unless ruptured.
Albumin is a protein in the plasma portion of the blood. Under normal conditions, albumin cannot pass through the wall of a capillary. What significance is this for the vascular compartment?
- A. Helps push oxygen into the tissues of the body
- B. Retains leukocytes in the vascular compartment
- C. Helps retain fluid in the vascular compartment
- D. Absorbs carbon dioxide from the tissues for transport to the lungs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Under normal conditions, albumin cannot pass through a capillary wall. Consequently, albumin helps maintain the osmotic pressure that retains fluid in the vascular compartment. Albumin does not push oxygen into the tissues of the body or absorb carbon dioxide for transport to the lungs. Albumin also does not retain leukocytes in the vascular compartment.