Nokea
A client is using chamomile tea as a remedy to treat gastrointestinal upset. When discussing the use of this herb, the nurse would alert the client that contact dermatitis is a possibility if the client has a hypersensitivity to which of the following plants?
- A. Ragweed
- B. Fox glove
- C. Asters
- D. Lavender
- E. Chrysanthemums
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Although chamomile is generally safe and nontoxic, the tea is prepared from the pollen-filled flower heads and has resulted in symptoms ranging from contact dermatitis to severe anaphylactic reactions in individuals hypersensitive to ragweed, asters, and chrysanthemums.
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A nurse is caring for a client with pseudomembranous colitis. The physician has prescribed loperamide. Which of the following would the nurse identify as indicative of effectiveness?
- A. Elevation in temperature is noted.
- B. Rectal bleeding is noted.
- C. Diarrhea is resolved.
- D. Nausea and vomiting are resolved.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Loperamide is an antidiarrheal medication. The nurse will know that the medication is effective if the diarrhea is resolved in the client. The nurse should monitor the client for an elevation in body temperature, severe abdominal pain, abdominal rigidity, or distention because these are the indicators of intestinal perforation. The nurse should monitor for rectal bleeding when laxatives are administered.
A nurse would most likely expect a primary health care provider to prescribe psyllium (Metamucil) to a client who is experiencing constipation related to which drug?
- A. Spironolactone (Aldactone)
- B. Clonidine (Catapres)
- C. Enalapril (Vasotec)
- D. Fexofenadine (Allegra)
- E. Amitriptyline (Elavil)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: The following drugs may cause constipation in clients and require the use of a laxative to relieve constipation: anticholinergics, antihistamines (fexofenadine), phenothiazines, tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline), opioids, non-potassium-sparing diuretics (spironolactone), iron preparations, barium, clonidine, and calcium- or aluminum-containing antacids.
Which of the following drugs used to manage lower gastrointestinal disorders increase the risk of bleeding when administered to clients taking warfarin (Coumadin)?
- A. Mesalamine (Asacol)
- B. Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
- C. Psyllium (Metamucil)
- D. Polyethylene glycol (MiraLAX)
- E. Olsalazine (Dipentum)
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Aminosalicylates, like mesalamine (Asacol) and olsalazine (Dipentum), can increase the risk of bleeding in clients taking warfarin (Coumadin).
When describing the drugs used as treatment for clients with ulcerative colitis to a group of nursing students, the instructor discusses aspirin-like compounds with anti-inflammatory properties. Which of the following would the instructor most likely include?
- A. Mesalamine (Asacol)
- B. Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
- C. Magnesium oxide (Mag-Ox)
- D. Polyethylene glycol (MiraLAX)
- E. Olsalazine (Dipentum)
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Aminosalicylates, like mesalamine (Asacol) and olsalazine (Dipentum), are aspirin-like compounds with anti-inflammatory properties used in the treatment of clients with ulcerative colitis.
A client is prescribed a laxative. Which of the following would the nurse include in the teaching plan for the client about possible adverse reactions?
- A. Nausea
- B. Perianal irritation
- C. Bloating
- D. Constipation
- E. Cramps
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Laxatives may cause diarrhea, loss of water and electrolytes, abdominal pain or discomfort, nausea, vomiting, perianal irritation, fainting, bloating, flatulence, cramps, and weakness.