Nokea
A client requesting a chlamydia test asks why it is necessary to receive a test for gonorrhea and syphilis at the same time. Which response from the nurse is the correct explanation?
- A. The symptoms of these diseases are the same, and culture tests alone can determine the disease that has infected the client.
- B. The infecting bacterium in all cases is the same, and therefore, clients have concurrent infections.
- C. The infections spread through the same medium, and therefore, clients have concurrent infections.
- D. It is not unusual for clients to have concurrent infections with more than one sexually transmitted infection (STI).
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is common practice to test clients for chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and HIV because it is not unusual for clients to have concurrent infections with more than one STI. For chlamydia, the causative microorganism is a bacterium named Chlamydia trachomatis. For gonorrhea, the infection is caused by a bacterium named Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The spirochete Treponema pallidum is the causative microorganism of syphilis. The symptoms of these conditions are not identical. The causative microorganisms do not spread through the same medium.
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The nurse is caring for a client in the tertiary stage of a syphilis infection. Which assessment finding is anticipated?
- A. The client has ulcers in the genital region.
- B. The client has arthritis symptoms making ambulation difficult.
- C. The client has dementia and cannot care for himself or herself.
- D. The client complains of a headache and sore throat.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The client in the tertiary stage of a syphilis infection is expected to have central nervous system complications including dementia. In the primary stage, a chancre appears on the genitals. In the secondary stage, a fever, malaise, rash, headache, and sore throat are anticipated. There are no musculoskeletal symptoms associated with syphilis.
An instructor is teaching a group of students about the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STI's) and those that must be reported by law. The instructor determines that the students have understood the information when they state that which STI must be reported?
- A. Genital herpes
- B. Hepatitis B
- C. Syphilis
- D. Condylomata acuminata
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The law mandates reporting of syphilis, chlamydia, gonorrhea, chancroid, and HIV/Aids, hepatitis B, and Zika virus. Genital herpes, venereal warts (condylomata acuminata), granuloma inguinale, and lymphogranuloma venereum are not reportable by law.
The nurse is working in the labor and delivery suite when a client with active herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) appears in active labor. Which adjustment in the plan of care will the nurse prepare for?
- A. Administer an intravenous antibiotic to the mom while in labor.
- B. Complete a full assessment of the newborn on delivery.
- C. Prepare for a cesarean section.
- D. Place an antibacterial ointment on the mother's lesions.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse is most accurate to prepare for a cesarean section because the mother has an active lesion and does not want to transmit the virus to the newborn. Antibiotic therapy does not prevent the transmission of the infection. A full assessment is always completed on the newborn and is not an adjustment in the plan of care. Antibacterial ointment is not placed on the mother's lesions.
The nurse is instructing an adolescent female client who is not sexually active on potential vaccinations available. Which vaccination would the nurse state that decreases the risk of cervical cancer?
- A. Hepatitis B
- B. Human papilloma viral (HPV)
- C. Herpes zoster
- D. Meningococcal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Human papilloma viral (HPV) infection is the most commonly transmitted sexual disease in the United States. A strain of this infection can cause cervical cancer. An HPV vaccine is available to both females and males. For females, the vaccine decreases the risk of cervical cancer and genital warts. For males, the vaccine decreases the risk of genital warts and anal cancers. Hepatitis B vaccine protects against a liver disease. Herpes zoster is the vaccine for shingles. The meningococcal vaccine protects against several diseases including meningitis.
A group of students are reviewing class material on sexually transmitted infections in preparation for a test. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which as the cause of condylomata?
- A. Herpes virus
- B. Human papilloma virus
- C. Treponema pallidum
- D. Hemophilus ducreyi bacillus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Genital warts or condylomata are caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV). Herpes virus causes genital herpes. Treponema pallidum is the cause of syphilis. Hemophilus ducreyi bacillus is the cause of chancroid.