Nokea
A client suspected of being schizophrenic is scheduled for a computed tomography (CT). The nurse informs the client that the diagnostic test will:
- A. Confirm the diagnosis of schizophrenia.
- B. Trace the flow of blood through his brain.
- C. Allow the doctors to view the structures of his brain.
- D. Help determine the areas of his brain that are overreacting.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because CT scans allow doctors to view the structures of the brain, which can help identify any abnormalities or conditions present. This is essential in diagnosing and understanding conditions like schizophrenia. Choice A is incorrect because CT scans do not confirm psychiatric diagnoses; they provide anatomical information. Choice B is incorrect as CT scans do not trace blood flow, that's done through techniques like fMRI or PET scans. Choice D is incorrect because CT scans do not determine brain areas that are overreacting, that's usually assessed through functional imaging techniques.
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The psychological test that measures creativity is
- A. Rorschach
- B. MMPI
- C. WAIS
- D. TAT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: TAT assesses creativity through story originality.
The greatest negative personal result of stigma directed toward those diagnosed with a mental illness is:
- A. Low self-esteem.
- B. Impaired social skills.
- C. Poor employment prospects.
- D. Increased risk for substance abuse.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Low self-esteem. Stigma towards mental illness can lead to individuals internalizing negative beliefs about themselves, resulting in low self-esteem. This can impact their overall well-being and hinder their ability to seek help and engage in social activities. Impaired social skills (B) can be a consequence of stigma but is not the greatest negative personal result. Poor employment prospects (C) and increased risk for substance abuse (D) can also be outcomes of stigma, but they are not directly related to the individual's self-perception and personal well-being as low self-esteem.
A person with high self esteem would also have high self respect and could be expected to exhibit the following behaviors
- A. Stay in relationships where one is physically or mentally abused
- B. Human relation principles
- C. Focus on needs of others
- D. Basic cognitive psychology
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High self-esteem individuals prioritize others' needs over abusive situations.
An Asian-American client has been prescribed an antidepressant medication for severe depression. When the nurse prepares discharge teaching topics for this client, which specific information will be included?
- A. The Asian culture is traditionally resistant to the use of antidepressant medication and so the importance of compliance with the prescribed treatment plan is stressed.
- B. Ethnic Asian foods have been shown to cause poor absorption of many medications and so the antidepressant medication should be taken on an empty stomach.
- C. Some racial and ethnic groups are genetically predisposed to enzyme deficiencies that require that their medications be prescribed at lower than normal dosages.
- D. Antidepressants can take weeks to reach the therapeutic blood serum levels required for the symptoms of severe depression to demonstrate improvement.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Correct Answer (C) - Some racial and ethnic groups are genetically predisposed to enzyme deficiencies that require medications at lower dosages.
Step 2: Explanation - Certain racial and ethnic groups may have genetic variations that affect how they metabolize medications, leading to enzyme deficiencies. This can result in the need for lower dosages to avoid adverse effects.
Step 3: Incorrect Choices:
A: Incorrect - Stereotyping the Asian culture as resistant to antidepressants is not evidence-based. Compliance is important for all patients regardless of culture.
B: Incorrect - Absorption issues related to specific ethnic foods are not a generalized concern for all Asian-Americans taking antidepressants.
D: Incorrect - While it is true that antidepressants may take weeks to reach therapeutic levels, the question is asking about specific considerations for an Asian-American client, not a general fact about medication effectiveness.
An older adult with Lewy body dementia lives with family and attends a day care center. A nurse at the day care center noticed the adult had a disheveled appearance, strong odor of urine, and bruises on the limbs and back. What type of abuse might be occurring?
- A. Psychological
- B. Financial
- C. Physical
- D. Sexual
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lewy body dementia results in cognitive impairment. The assessment of physical abuse would be supported by the nurses observation of bruises. Physical abuse includes evidence of improper care as well as physical endangerment behaviors, such as reckless behavior toward a vulnerable person that could lead to serious injury. No data substantiate the other options.